The overall rate of SPMs was not significantly increased after a minimum interval of 3 years from the first I-131 treatment; however, the chance of this event may be radically increased in patients who had received a cumulative activity of I-131 exceeding 40 GBq (1.08 Ci).

Introduction: After menopause women experience vaginal atrophy related to hormonal changes and estrogen deficiency. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the effect of the fractional CO2 laser on the quality of life, vaginal atrophy symptoms, and urine incontinency in menopause women. Methods: This prospective study was conducted among 140 women from 2017 to 2018 in Yas hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. They encountered the fractional microablative CO2 laser system three times at four-week intervals. The short form of the Health Questionnaire (SF-12) and the Female Sexual Functional Index (FSFI) questionnaire were utilized to assess the participants’ quality of life. Also, the standard measuring tools including the vaginal health index (VHI) and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire (ICIQ) Form were used to evaluate the vaginal atrophy symptoms. Results: The quality of life improved significantly in somatic, social function, and mental health. In the sexual context, arousal and satisfaction status improved significantly. Also, the frequency of urinary incontinence, enuresis, urgency, and the leak improved significantly (P<0.05). Among the scale variables for urinary function, it was seen that the urgency impact had no improvement. All vaginal indices improved (P<0.05). Conclusion: The fractional CO2 laser can be effective in treating vaginal atrophy and urinary symptoms. Besides, it improved the quality of life and the sexual function of post-menopausal women.

Background: Pioglitazone is one of the antidiabetic agents used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The effect of pioglitazone on blood glucose, lipid profile, liver enzymes and weight has been shown with conflicting results. In this study we aim to evaluate the effect of pioglitazone on the weight, lipid profile and liver enzymes in patients with DM. Methods: In this single-arm clinical trial, 110 poorly controlled diabetic type 2 patients (63.6% female with mean age of 54.26 ± 8.96 years) who were on maximal dosage of metformin and glibenclamide were enrolled. Patients were treated with pioglitazone for 3 months and laboratory. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), haemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), alkaline phosphatase (ALK-P), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and weight changes were measured before and at the end of the study. Results: The levels of FBS (p < 0.001), HbA1c (p < 0.001), triglyceride (p = 0.001), ALT (p = 0.005) and ALK-P (p = 0.001) were significantly decreased, but weight was significantly increased (p < 0.001) after the intervention. There were no significant difference in cholesterol, LDL and HDL values before and after study. Conclusion: Although pioglitazone causes a significant decrease in FBS, HbA1C and triglyceride levels, it is associated with weight gain, which would limit its utility. IRCT registration code: IRCT201209276712N2

Single-agent chemotherapy in the treatment of LRGTNs resulted in an overall complete remission rate of 79%, 80% in the Act-D group and 78.1% in MTX group, with no statistically significant difference. Whereas this study represents an important step in comparing single-agent treatments, comparison of other regimens will be required to determine the optimal single-agent therapy.

Background: Pain is one of the most challenging issues following surgery, and it is crucial to provide adequate and appropriate pain control measures. Objectives: This study assessed the efficacy of preoperative duloxetine in controlling postoperative pain in women following an abdominal hysterectomy in Yas Hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences between December 2019 and April 2020. Methods: The study involved 80 women who were candidates for elective abdominal hysterectomy. The participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Group 1 received a 60 mg duloxetine capsule two hours before surgery. Group 2 received placebo following the same schedule. The amount of administrated opioids and the time from surgery to the administration of opioids were recorded, along with the frequency of nausea and vomiting experienced. Results: Two patients from each group withdrew before the study ended. In total, 38 women in each group were assessed. There were no significant differences in age, duration of surgery, and the amount of administrated opioids between the two groups. However, the number of patients who had nausea and vomiting differed significantly between the two groups (65% vs. 34%; P = 0.006). Conclusions: Our findings showed that duloxetine was not effective in controlling pain after abdominal hysterectomy. In addition, patients who received duloxetine had a significantly higher rate of nausea/vomiting.