This study is aimed to identify the acceptance of hibah by beneficiaries based on cases registered in Melaka. Using secondary data collected from the Melaka Syariah Court and Amanah Raya Berhad Melaka, a number of hibah cases were identified from 2013-2015 and highlighted for further discussion in the paper. Interviews, telephone and email correspondences were conducted to further understand the issues concerning hibah cases and their reasoning. The findings indicated that the highest number of registered on hibah cases was recorded in 2015, increasing from 2013. The data result shows that there are more than 20 cases recorded in Melaka except only 12 cases in 2013. Due to increasing number of cases regarding hibah, it shows that citizen of Melaka is still low in understanding the concept and implementation of hibah. Therefore, it is a need to have a standard guideline regarding hibah to avoid any dispute about this matter in the future. Besides that, the dissemination of knowledge about hibah should be done in order to increase the awareness about the acceptable procedure of hibah because it is considered as the best alternative of asset management and to avoid unclaimed Muslim asset.
Economic Transformation Plan (ETP) emphasizes that the country has a pool of resources to steer towards Malaysia's aspirations to become a developed and high-income nation. The ETP Roadmap highlights accountancy, an integral function in all businesses as part of the significant ETP driver. However, Malaysia still lacks the required number of qualified accountants by the year 2020. This challenges higher learning institutions to produce suitable accounting graduates. Despite taking an accounting subject in schools, not all these students later opt to enrol accounting in higher learning institutions as many factors influence their career choices. This study aims to explore these motivating factors. A quantitative approach was applied whereby primary data were collected through a questionnaire survey. Respondents were students from seven elite schools in Melaka. The study found eight motivating factors; family members in the accounting profession, public accountant as a career choice, students' interest in receiving relevant information, choosing private accountants as a career, parents, school counsellor and career talk. However, only four of these factors were significant to students' decisions to pursue professional accounting courses. In addition, parents' influence plays a greater role in motivating students to opt for professional accounting courses as compared to an accounting degree.
Accounting is important for a business of any sizes to keep well-organized and up-to-date accounting records for their daily transactions. It helps businesses to plan and manage financial matters more effectively. However, most of the small business owners do not keep proper books of accounts since there is no legal obligation to do that. Moreover, they also perceive accounting as a very difficult process due to its technical difficulties. Thus, it is quite hard for the small business owners to monitor the financial status/growth and also obtaining financial assistance from third parties. Hence, this study examines the extent of accounting literacy which focuses on accounting records and financial management among small business owners in Jasin district. 51 small business owners responded to the questionnaire distributed. Findings of this study revealed that, in terms of accounting records, majority of the small business owners do not have proper record keeping and do not concern on separation of business and personal transactions. Besides, almost 70% of them did not maintain any financial reports for the business. In terms of financial management, most of the owners use selffinancing in running the business since they are worried they cannot afford the loan commitments. Apart from that, it might be difficult for them to apply for a loan due to no proper business record and financial reports prepared for the business. These results indicate that accounting literacy is still very weak among the small business owners in Jasin district.
Accounting is perceived as a complicated process due to its technical difficulties. However, accounting knowledge is undeniable essential to complete a business plan. The ‘Simplified Accounting Template for Apprentice’ (SATA) is developed to facilitate students especially non-accounting students who have very little accounting knowledge in preparing proforma financial statements at the financial section in the business plan. SATA act as integral part of technology used in accounting education to improve students’ understanding on accounting and help them to complete the business plan. The objective of this paper is to access the level of students’ understanding on accounting with the introduction of SATA in teaching and learning which finally can assist them to prepare financial statements. A hands-on workshop was conducted by accounting lecturers in UiTM Malacca Branch Jasin Campus on SATA to assist the students in completing the business plan for financial section. A questionnaire was given at the end of the workshop to the students to gather their feedback related on SATA and give their perceptions using SATA in preparing financial statements. This study found that more than 80% respondents admitted that SATA improved their understanding on accounting terms such as terms of non-current assets, non-current liabilities, sales, purchases, 85% agreed that SATA took lesser time to prepare financial statements, 90% found that SATA was very easy to use as compared to manually prepared the financial statements and facilitates in analyzing financial performance and 91% agreed that SATA really help them in completing their business plan particularly in financial section. On overall most of respondents admitted that SATA increase their understanding in preparing financial statements. This study also revealed that most of the respondents understand the component of Statement of Profit or Loss and Statement of Financial Position embedded in SATA.
Public sector organizations play an essential role in supporting the government's commitment to sustainable development. These organizations are expected to disclose more social and environmental information than private companies due to public contracts. Malaysian State Islamic Religious Councils (SIRCs) is one of the government agencies responsible for distributing and disseminating adequate and accurate information to various stakeholders, especially the public. These SIRCs frequently organize sustainability-related activities as part of their corporate social responsibility agenda and have a vast potential to contribute by disseminating sustainability-related information on their websites. However, the extent of sustainability website reporting by the SIRCs remained largely unaddressed. Drawing from the literature, this preliminary study proposes a website disclosure index for sustainability reporting by the SIRCs in Malaysia. A content analysis on three SIRCs websites representing three regions in Malaysia have been performed. A total of sixty-seven disclosure items were used as indicators during the website content analysis. Key findings indicate that more effort needs to be initiated by SIRCs in supporting a unified digital reporting that promotes accountability and transparency among government agencies. Nevertheless, the proposed website disclosure index may assist in formulating policies to encourage the use of SIRCs' websites to report sustainability information to the public. This study provides valuable input in supporting the government's aspiration to develop future strategies for achieving Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs) and adds to the limited literature on the website sustainability reporting by the public sector. Future research may use a larger sample of SIRCs to validate the disclosure index proposed in this study.
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