Objective: In the medical encyclopedia ;Mastodynia, mastalgia or mammalgia are names for a medical symptom that means -pain in the breast .This common problem seen in the west, finds little mention in our country and our literature. The purpose of this study is to report the pattern of various breast diseases amongst women presenting with mastalgia (breast pain) in Mosul breast clinic emphasizing their assessment and hoping to initiate further studies on their natural profile. Patients and methods:A retrospective study of 682 female patients with mastalgia. From the Breast Clinic in Al Jamhoory Teaching Hospital in Mosul between Aug 2002 -March 2004. Records of six hundred eighty two patients with breast pain with or without lumpiness utilizing Cardiff daily breast pain chart filled by the patients were reviewed. Their mean age was about 38 years. All patients were examined clinically and by ultrasound (probe7.5MHz). Mammography and histopathological examination were done to those with equivocal and suspicious clinical and ultrasonographic results. Results: Cyclical breast pain was reported in 422 patients (62%), normal breast nodularity in 154 (22%), inflammatory lesions in 40 (6%), benign breast pathology in 56 (8%), benign tumours in 6(less than 1%) and malignant tumours in 4 (less than 1%). Conclusions: Breast pain is a common problem in the breast clinic. This study showed that cyclical breast pain and nodularity represent the commonest conditions followed by benign and inflammatory lesions. Breast pain needs to be evaluated as with many other medical problems, by good history (including breast pain chart) and examination. This to be followed by imaging (as the age implies) and histopathological assessments. Surgeons evaluating breast pain should have more rational criteria in using further sophisticated, expensive and invasive tests.

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Context: Inguino-genital surgical disorders are common problems seen in daily surgical practice. The aim of this study is to determine the main surgical inguino-genital disorders among kindergartens and primary school boys less than 10 years of age in Mosul city. Methods: A random sample of kindergartens and primary school boys from both sides of Mosul city underwent a cross-sectional study between 1 st of Oct. 2004 and 31 st of Jan 2005. All boys were examined by specialized surgeons for the presence of surgical disorders in their inguino-genital region. The pathological findings were recorded and diagnosed disorders were further assessed by suitable investigative tools. The parents were informed about their children's disorders and accordingly, a suitable management for each single disorder was discussed with them. Results: During the study period, 950 children were examined and (125) children were having various inguino-genital disorders. The prevalence of these conditions was (13.2%). The present study showed (7.7%) of the screened children were uncircumcised, (3.2%) were having undescended testes and (1.2%) has inguinal hernia. The surgical conditions were (54.4%) among the age of 6-7 years, (20.0%) among the age of (5-6) years and (1.6%) among the age of (9-10) years. The study revealed that 60% of the undescended testes were on the right side, and (36.7%) on the left side. Moreover (63.67%) of the hernias were right sided and (27.3%) were left sided. Conclusion and recommendations:Studying male children in schools for any surgical abnormalities, at the inguino-genital areas provides the opportunity for detection of the early conditions, further management of the main surgical cases that need correction and the prevention of any risk of complications.