A unified framework which provides a higher security level to e‐passports is proposed. This framework integrates face, iris and fingerprint images. It involves three layers of security: the first layer maps a biometric image to another biometric image which is called biostego image. Three mapping schemes are proposed: the first scheme maps single biometric image to single biostego image, the second scheme maps dual biometric images to single biostego image, the third scheme divides the biometric image into sections and maps each section to different biostego image. A mapping function maps the intensity value of each pixel in the biometric image to pixels with same intensity in the biostego image. A representative pixel is randomly selected from the set of pixels, and its coordinates are recorded in the location map of the biometric image. In the second layer, the location map is encoded using fingerprint fuzzy vault. In the third layer, the encoded location map is hidden in the biostego image using steganography technique. The biostego image which contains the encoded location map is stored in the e‐passport's memory. Keeping the mapping scheme secret and by using the fingerprints fuzzy vault to encrypt location map, the proposed approach provides higher level of protection against fraud.
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