pain, were referred to do Stress Electrocardiography (ECG), 50 of them were negative test and excluded while the remaining 150 patients were positive or equivocal stress ECG. 70 patients were not willing to join the study, but the remaining 80 patients who gave informed consent were included. The included 80 patients referred for ophthalmoscopy examination before undergoing coronary angiography. Excluded patients were those with Diabetes mellitus, past history of ischemic heart disease, presence of nephropathy (creatinine more than 1.5 mg/ dL), and previous coronary angiography.All included patients were subjected to:1. Full data history, local cardiac and general examination. 12-Lead surface ECG. AbstractBackground: Hypertension cause injures to blood vessels, which may be macro vascular like coronary artery or micro vascular like retinal artery. Retina is the only place in the body where micro vascular damage can be observed directly. Retinal microvascular changes could be a suitable window to detect changes related to the pathophysiological changes that occurred in coronary artery disease as well as hypertension.Objective: To assess the relationship between retinal micro vascular changes and angiographic findings in hypertensive patients presenting with angina. Methods:A prospective study was done over one year including 80 patients known to be hypertensive for whom stress test was positive and or equivocal for angina diagnosis were referred to ophthalmology clinic to assess retinal atherosclerosis and its severity based on the Scheie classification after that the coronaries lesions and the extent of its severity was assessed by coronary angiography using Gensini and also the modified Gensini score. Results:A totals of 80 patients (53 males and 27 females) their age range (38-76 years) with a mean of 53.3 ± 7.97, 31 out of the 80(38.8%) were smokers. The results show there was a significant correlation between the occurrence of retinal artery atherosclerosis and the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) development with p=0.0001. Also when using the CAD severity (using modified Gensini scoring) as a dependent variable a significant association between it and retinal atherosclerosis scores by using the Scheie criteria, and hypertension, smoking, and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was noticed. Conclusions:Retinal hypertensive changes at any grade can predict CAD severity in any hypertensive patients presenting with anginal chest pain with a moderate to high accuracy. Therefore retinopathy has a predictive and good association with CAD in patients with hypertension. Hence by assessing the retinal micro vascular changes could be used as an early cost effective method to screen and to predict CAD.

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare B-cell lymphoma that usually occurs in the setting of HIV infection, and it is associated with Human Herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8). Diagnosis of PEL is usually established in cell centrifuge, cell block, or tissue examination, and there are few reports describing flow cytometry findings in PEL. We report two male patients (a 34-year-old and a 56-year-old) with a history of HIV infection. The first patient presented with ascites and abdominal pain, and the second patient presented with chest pain and parapneumonic pleural effusion. Cavitary fluid examination showed large pleomorphic neoplastic lymphoid cells with plasmablastic morphology. Flow cytometry analysis of the neoplastic lymphocytes showed increased forward scatter and side scatter with intermediate to a high level of CD38 expression. In one patient, lymphoma cells showed bright CD45 expression with dim expression of CD19 and kappa light chain. There was no significant expression of CD20 or any T/NK cell markers in either case. Immunohistochemistry for CD30 was positive in one patient. Immunohistochemistry for HHV-8 and in situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNAs (EBER) was positive on cell blocks in both cases, consistent with the diagnosis of primary effusion lymphoma. PEL should be considered in the differential diagnosis of CD20-negative hematopoietic neoplasms, and flow cytometry may provide helpful clues for the diagnosis of PEL as part of the workup for pleural effusion with cytologically malignant cells.