A reliable and sensitive method based on micellar liquid chromatography was optimized for the analysis of the fluoroquinolones danofloxacin, difloxacin, ciprofloxacin and sarafloxacin in honey. The sample was 1 : 1 diluted in a 0.05 M sodium dodecyl sulfate solution buffered at pH ¼ 3, thus avoiding an extraction step and the use of toxic chemicals. The fluoroquinolones were resolved in less than 25 min using a C18 column, without interference from the matrix. The mobile phase was a solution of 0.05 M sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1% 1-butanol and 0.5% triethylamine buffered at pH ¼ 3, running under isocratic mode at 1 mL min À1 . The excitation and emission wavelengths were 280 and 455 nm, respectively. The method was validated in accordance with the European Union Decision 2002/657/EC in terms of selectivity, sensitivity (limits of detection and quantification, 4 and 10 mg kg À1 , respectively), calibration range (10-200 mg kg À1 ), linearity (r 2 > 0.9990), decision limit (4 mg kg À1 ), detection capability (4.7-6.2 mg kg À1 ), intra-and interday accuracy and precision (81.0-103.4% and <12.3%, respectively), and robustness (<8.5%). The method was applied to commercial honey samples purchased from a local supermarket.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.