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The present study is based on fault-slip data (striated fault planes with known sense of slip) measured in outcrops in two structural domains located along the Hun Graben, western Sirt Basin (150 fault-slip data) and the Jifarah Basin and Nafusah Uplift, northwest Libya (200 fault-slip data). Pre-existing field data collected in two previous studies were reprocessed using standard inversion methods in MyFault TM (v. 1.03) stereonet software, produced by Pangaea Scientific Ltd.The aim of this study was to use paleostress orientations and relative paleostress magnitudes (stress ratios), determined using the reduced stress concept, to test a new understanding of the kinematic characteristics, the relationship between the two areas and the paleostress fields that controlled the evolution of the fault systems responsible for the observed deformation.Various types of faults (normal faults, sinistral normal faults, dextral normal faults and strike-slip faults) were recorded from outcrops comprised of Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary sequences in which a lineation rake is present on minor structures with displacement ranging from several centimetres to several metres.Two different domains of a NNE-SSW directed extension regime ranging from N12 • Et o2 5 • Ea n d minor ENE-WSW and WNW-ESE compression were identified in the analysis. The results are remarkably homogeneous at all sites and consistent with progressive collisional coupling of Africa and Europe, being under approximately WNW-ESE reactivated compressional stresses during the Late Eocene-age. The new kinematic and structural conceptual model that has been proposed is a test of the prevailing tectonic models describing the Cenozoic kinematic evolution of the areas. The results show the remarkable influence of basement fabrics of different ages on the subsequent structural development of NW Libya.

The study area, which is part of the Sirt sedimentary basin in the north-central part of Libya, is characterized by natural resources of important environmental value that need special attention as they are threatened by many human activities. The focus of this study was mainly on the production of high-resolution maps of oil-contaminated surfaces, and the series time maps of events resulting from oil pollution using multi temporal satellite data and validation of the results. Digital image processing techniques were used on satellite-based sensing, whether optical or radar data, which proved to be a cost-effective way to collect information on the volume of lake water, and to assess the depth and concentration of pollution in the study area rich in lakes taken from different periods (1972 to 2006). The area of the oil-contaminated lake, called produced water, was calculated from the 1972 Landsat MSS digital satellite imagery data and was about 1.8 km2 and then increased to 10.7 km2, during 2006 from Landsat digital image TM data. The size change in this area was due to the increase of the quantities of water production that continued to increase as the oil and gas fields reached maturity. The 2019 Landsat satellite imagery reveals a drastic shrinkage in the area of the lake attributed to the suspension of the produced water pumping as well as the cycle of evaporation that resulted to the water led to a limited volume of water remaining in the lake.

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