Background: Recently it has been noticed that toxoplasmosis played an important role in distressing women’s pregnancy through certain outcomes such as congenital abnormalities and abortions. The lack in Vitamin D may play role fragility of bones like; osteoporosis, and bone deformities. Objective: To evaluate the association between the lake in vitamin D and toxoplasmosis seropositivity in the women’s sera in the age of childbearing by applying ELISA method. Materials and Methods: 56 women, from Central Public Health Laboratories in Baghdad Province were selected in this study, their age range between (17-45) years. The individuals were diagnosed with BOH (Bad Obstetric History). Among 56 women infected (44)or not infected (12)with toxoplasmosis blood samples were collected from patients who visited Central Public Health Laboratories in Baghdad Province . IgG and IgM Abs Antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii were detected using minividas kit ) BioMerieux /France). Also vitamin D was detected using by ELISA microwells method (Monobind Inc. USA). Results: The results were considered as statistically significant (P=0.386), it shows no important difference between toxoplasmosis and the concentration of vitamin D3 in women with history of abortion or not. Conclusion: The toxoplasmosis rate in women in childbearing age was elevated, and the association between vitamin D deficiency and toxoplasmosis was not considerable.

Among more than 200 different human papilloma viral genotypes, the association of low oncogenic risk-HPV genotypes have been recognized with a variety of oral, oropharyngeal, nasopharyngeal benign tumors as well as non-neoplastic polyposis and papillomas and adenoid hypertrophy. This prospective casecontrol study aims to determine the rate of DNA detection of HPV genotype 6/11 in nasopharyngeal adenotonsillar tissues from a group of patients subjected to adenoctomy for adenoid hypertrophy . A total number of 60 nasopharyngeal adeno-tonsillar tissue specimens from pediatric patients with adenoid hypertrophy were enrolled; 40 nasopharyngeal adeno-tonsillar tissues from patients with adenoid hypertrophy, and 20 normal nasal tissue specimens were obtained from pediatric patients following trimming operations of their inferior nasal turbinates' with unremarkable pathological changes (as an apparently healthy control group). The molecular detection methods for HPV detection were performed by using DNA probes via a recent version of chromogenic in situ hybridization specified for low-risk HPV genotypes. Among total adenoid hypertrophied tissue specimens group, 8 out of 40 were found to contain positive results for DNA of HPV 6 / 11 genotype, constituting 20% of the total screened nasopharyngeal adenotonsillar tissues. No positive-CISH reactions were detected in the control nasal tissues. The statistical analysis of results in this research showed significant difference when compared to the control apparently healthy tissues. The significant rate of low-oncogenic HPV genotypes detection in those adenoid hypertrophied tissues could play, in part, a role in their pathogenesis and / or constituting a herald focus for the spread of such important virally transmitted infection.

Salmonella typhoid and paratyphoid are transmitted mainly by the fecal-oral route. This study was designed to find the correlation between Salmonella and IgM, IgG, and the levels of interleukin-33, TNF-α, and LTB 4. The study was carried out from March 2020 to January 2021 for the detection of Salmonellosis in 100 suspected patients with age group ranging from 17 - 69 years, who attended Baghdad teaching hospitals that had been examined and defined as suspected cases by a specialized physician with the recording of clinical manifestation. The diagnosis was done by immunochromatography method, a blood sample was taken from the patient as well as other 30 healthy controls matching in age and gender. The study included measurement of the level of interleukin -33, Tumor necrosis Factor α, and Leukotreins B4 level in sera of patients and healthy control. The results indicated that anti –salmonella IgM positive in 54 cases, anti- salmonella IgG positive in 46 cases, and 18 positive cases with both IgM and IgG.  The Level of interleukin 33, Tumor necrosis Factor – α increased significantly while the serum Leukotreins B4 level decreased significantly in patients sera as compared with healthy control.

Background: Diarrhea is a common problem in patients with hematologic disease and in patients with immuno compromising conditions. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the presence risk factors that leading to acquire infection with Cl. difficile in children infected sever diarrhea in and immuno compromised patients. Material and Methods: The study was performed on freshly collected stool samples among 32 patients (13 females,19 males) with acute diarrheal in children their ages (1.5 months – 1.3 years) admitted to Pediatric Teaching Hospitals and adults admitted to Baghdad Teaching Hospital (patients with low cellular immunity like ALL, AML (20-75years) from April 2017 to April 2019. A questionnaire was completed for each patient name, age, gender, clinical symptoms like fever, diarrhea, constipation and, abdominal pain. The criteria included also, the risk factors that leading to suppression of cellular immunity. Fresh stool samples were tested by immunochromatographic assay for antigenic detection of Clostridium difficile Ag. Results: C. Idifficile antigen was identified only in three stool samples of male their mean ± S.D. was (24.75-24.37) from 32 patients (13 females,19 males) their ages rang (1.5months-75years), seven of them suffered blood malignancies (such as AML, ALL), while 21patients (seven of them babies) suffered from acute diarrhea with different causes (E. histolytica and fungal infections). All patients had fever, flatulence and abdominal patients, while 4 of patients with low cellular immunity. Conclusion: Cl. diffcile antigen present only few number of patients in three stool samples of maleswho suffered from sever diarrhea, or ALL (acute lymphocytic leukemia), or NHL (non-hodgkinse lymphoma).

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