Background Chemical pleurodesis is frequently indicated to relieve symptoms imposed by large/recurrent malignant pleural effusion (MPE). Traditionally, a drain is left in the pleural space till the cessation of fluid accumulation before pleurodesis. Chest ultrasound can detect an amount of pleural fluid as less as 50 ml and can confirm apposition of the pleural surfaces which is required for successful pleurodesis. This work assessed the efficiency and safety of ultrasound-guided, single-session pleurodesis in cases with MPE. Results Seventeen of the patients completed a 2-month follow-up. The technique demonstrated a high success rate (88.2%). The mean duration from the start of pleural drainage till pleurodesis was 1.65 ± 0.70 h ranging from 1 to 3 h. A duration of 2.5 h or less was statistically proposed as a cutoff value not to exceed to predict success (sensitivity 100%, specificity 100%). The mean time for total hospital stay related to pleurodesis was 9.88 ± 3.12 h (range 4–12 h). No complications attributed to the procedure were recorded. Pleural Adherence Score and Absent Sliding Score (ASS) had a highly statistically significant correlation (p value < 0.001). Conclusions An ultrasound-guided completion of the process of pleurodesis in a single session with a shorter duration of pleural fluid drainage and shorter hospital stay (can be done on a day-care basis) is efficient, safe, and cost-effective. This technique is strongly recommended to replace the traditional practice of keeping the indwelling pleural drain for several days waiting for the cessation of pleural fluid reaccumulation. An ultrasound-derived ASS can be used as early as day 1 and day 15 to confirm pleural adherence and to expect the outcome of pleurodesis.

Introduction Cataract is a consequence of the ageing of the lens and is the major priority in the global initiative to eliminate avoidable blindness by the year 2020. At present, the only means of treating cataract is by surgery, which initially restores high-quality vision and this is currently the most performed operation in developed countries. Aim of the Work to evaluate the influence of Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy on visual outcomes and macular thickness in patients with opacified posterior capsule. Patients and Methods This is a prospective comparative study done at the Nour Elein Hospital in Tanta. Thirty one pseudophakic eyes of patients (seven male, twenty four female), were included in the study with PCO following uncomplicated phacoemulsification with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. The age ranged from forty six years to sixty seven years old with a mean of (63.32±5.67) years. An informed consent was taken from each patient. All patients were treated by Nd: YAG laser capsulotomy between January 2017 till December 2017. The average time after cataract surgery was 18 months. Results Both groups had increased macular thickness at 1 week after Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy. The degree of macular thickening was similar in group 1 and group 2. Mean macular thickness was decreased to preoperative levels at 4 weeks after Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy in both groups volume. Conclusion Nd: YAG laser capsulotomy is the standard treatment for PCO and gives rise to rapid improvements in visual acuity, relieving the symptoms of blur, photophobia, and glare, and the size of capsulotomy opening does not affect the improvement in visual acuity, but it is better to avoid small sized capsulotomies to avoid post capsulotomy difractions.