Chronic non-bacterial prostatitis (CNP) is the most common type of prostatitis and oxidative stress (OS) was shown to be highly elevated in prostatitis patients. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of pentoxifylline (PTX) on CNP induced by carrageenan in rats. Male adult Wistar rats (n = 30) were divided into control, CNP and three treatment groups (n = 6) including CNP + cernilton and CNP + PTX groups. CNP was induced by single intraprostatic injection of 1% carrageenan (100 µl). Rats in treatment groups received orally cernilton 100 mg/kg and PTX at 50 and 100 mg/kg 1 week after CNP induction for 21 days. Prostatic index (PI), prostatic specific antigen (PSA), tumor-necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), serum lipid peroxidation (MDA), blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and histopathological changes were compared between groups. There were significant increase of PI, serum levels of PSA, TNF-α and MDA in CNP group at 29 day. In treatment groups, significant reduction in PI, serum levels of PSA, TNF-α, MDA and creatinine was observed especially in rats treated with dose of 50 mg/kg of PTX. In CNP group, histopathological changes of the prostate such as leucocyte infiltration, large involutions and projection into the lumen and reducing the volume of the lumen were observed as well. Whereas PTX, especially at dose of 50 mg/kg, could improve the above-mentioned changes remarkably in CNP treated rats. For the first time, our findings indicated that PTX improved CNP induced by carrageenan in rats.

Effects of virginiamycin and galbanum (Ferulagummosa boiss) on performance, carcass traits, immune system and blood parameters of broiler chickens This unedited manuscript has been accepted by RCCP for future publication and is provisionally published on our website. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and galley review before final publication. Please note that this advance version may differ from the final version Effects of virginiamycin and galbanum (Ferula gummosa boiss) on performance, carcass traits, immune system and blood parameters of broiler chickens Efectos de la virginiamicina y el gálbano (Ferula gummosa boiss) sobre la producción, características de la canal, sistema inmune y parámetros sanguíneos en pollos de engorde Efeitos na adição na dieta do virginiamicina e do gálbano (Ferula gummosa boiss) no desempenho, características da carcaça, sistema imunológico e fatores sanguíneos de frangos de corte

Background: Heart Failure (HF) has become one of the most prevalent cardiovascular problems worldwide. Considering the beneficial effects of probiotics on human health, we aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of oral administration of Lactobacillus paracasei in HF induced by isoproterenol. Methods: Forty Wistar male rats weighing 80g on average were randomly assigned to five groups of eight each: control, probiotic, HF model, prophylaxis including probiotic + HF, and treatment (HF + probiotic). The rats were treated and examined over 30 days. Heart failure was induced by the subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (5 mg/kg) once daily for 10 days. At the completion of the study, the ratios of Body, Heart, and Left Ventricle Weights (BW, HW & LVW), serum TNF-α levels, measured by ELISA, myocardial histopathological lesions were determined and compared among the groups. Cardiac hypertrophy was defined by comparing the LVW to total body weight for each animal. Results: The LVW and LVW/HW ratio were significantly increased in the rats with HF (P<0.05). In the treatment group, the LVW/HW and serum TNF-α level were lower compared to those in the HF group. Also, the infiltration of inflammatory cells, necrosis, and myocardial hypertrophy were remarkably lower than those in the HF group. Conclusion: The study findings indicate that the oral administration of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei-8700:2 can reduce the cardiac hypertrophy, failure and inflammation induced by the administration of isoproterenol in rats. Therefore, the study results suggest a novel approach for the management and potential prevention of heart failure.