<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is the most commonly reconstructed ligaments of the knee. This study attempts to analyse the functional outcome of ACL reconstruction and the parameters utilized commonly to assess the outcomes<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is an analysis of 25 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction, who were operated by a single surgeon, and were studied for a period of one year .Analysis was made using standard scoring systems like Lysholm and IKDC score by an independent observer over a period of one year.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The injury was commonly noted in the male gender although the sidedness of the injury did not seem to influence the outcome. The larger percentage of cases was operated less than 6 months from the date of injury. The mean graft diameter was 7.9 mm, with a positive correlation to the thickness of the thigh. The preoperative mean Lysholm score of 58.76 improved to 91.16 after surgery. The mean preoperative IKDC score improved from 29.26 to 58.70. One patient had infection and two had stiffness and reduced range of motion. The timing of surgery and rehabilitation influence the outcome largely<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery with quadrupled hamstring grafts provides a good outcome to ACL injuries when the surgery is timed well, with sufficient graft thickness and good rehabilitation<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>

<p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Background: </span></strong>The incidence of acetabular fractures is increasing worldwide at a rapid rate due to increase in rail and road traffic accidents and high velocity injuries. The incidence of acetabular fractures is increasing worldwide at a rapid rate due to increase in rail and road traffic accidents and high velocity injuries.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Methods:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> 30 patients aged between 18 to 60 years with closed displaced acetabular fractures were included into the study. A single surgical approach such as the Kocher-Langenbeck, the ilioinguinal, and the extended iliofemoral approach was selected depending on the type of fracture, with the expectation that the fracture reduction and fixation can be completely performed through the one approach.<strong></strong></span></p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Results: </span></strong>Out of the 30 patients, 12 patients were between the 21-30 age group and 10 were between 31-40 age group with most of them being males involved in road traffic accidents. Predominance of right side was seen in 22 (73, 33%) and 8 (26.66%) persons had left sided fractures. Posterior wall fractures were seen in 5 cases while transverse was seen in 4 cases. Combinations of both were seen in 8 patients. The outcomes were good in more than 56% of the cases and good in more than 30% of them.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Conclusions: </span></strong>Present study needs further follow up for better understanding of long term results.</p>

<p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Background: </span></strong>Fractures of the proximal tibia are accompanied by a wide range of severity which may include stable undisplaced fractures with minimal soft tissue injury to highly comminuted unstable fractures, and severe soft tissue involvement. With the better understanding of fracture healing biology and biomechanics of fracture fixation and healing, the trend of treatment is towards biological fixation, which can be accomplished by Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plating Osteosynthesis (MIPPO) technique.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Methods:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> Demographic data of patients were recorded on admission and thorough history and clinical examination was done. The fractures were assessed for soft tissue injuries and followed by radiological assessment of fracture with schatzkers classification. The surgeries included anterolateral and anteromedial approaches for all patients with ‘inverted hockey stick incision’ and were treated with MIPPO. They were regularly followed up at 6-8 weeks interval till complete fracture union. A clinical and radiological evaluation was carried out using the modified Rasmussen clinical and radiological criteria.<strong></strong></span></p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Results: </span></strong>Out of the 20 patients treated, most of them were males and belonged to the age group of 20-40 years (75%).  Unilateral fractures were more common than bilateral fractures and were of the type 4 and type 5 of Schatzkers classification which was usually associated with high velocity RTA. One patient each had infection, varus deformity and knee joint stiffness. 10 fractures gave excellent result, 7 fractures healed with good results. Only 2 of the patients showed fair results and 1 had poor result.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Conclusions: </span></strong>All the fractures treated with MIPPO technique was found to be rapidly healing by secondary fracture union and hence achieving strong bone union across the fracture site due to inherent benefits of less tissue damage and minimal disturbance of fracture site biology.</p>

Background: Older adults who sustain hip fractures usually have multiple comorbidities that may impact their treatment and outcome. This study was conducted with the aim to analyze the risk factors that contribute to falls in elderly individuals and analyze the effect of comorbidities on the outcome and the treatment in elderly patients with hip fractures. Methods: This cohort study was conducted on patients with hip fractures. We prospectively analyzed 140 individuals with geriatric hip fractures who had undergone surgery. The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) score of each geriatric hip fracture patient were calculated based on data obtained from medical records. Clinical assessment was assessed using a modified Harris Hip Score (HHS) during each visit. Results: The mean age of patients was 72.21 ± 12.2 years. Their mean CCI and ASA was 1.02 ± 0.3 and 2.0 ± 0.53, respectively, and both were significantly associated with time-to-surgery (P < 0.001) and surgical treatment (P < 0.001). The length of hospital stay, duration of postoperative intensive care, and hospital expenses were associated with both CCI (P = 0.037) and ASA (P = 0.002). The greater the CCI and ASA scores were, the higher the chances of developing postoperative complications were (X2 = 15.724; P = 0.001). Delirium was the most common postoperative complication (15.7%), and pulmonary infection (11.4%) was the most fatal complication. Conclusion: Patients with high CCI and ASA grading, and revision surgery were at high risk of postoperative complications, morbidity, and mortality. Orthogeriatric care offers the best chance for a successful outcome through efficient medical comanagement of these patients.