A new species of Selaginella i.e., Selaginella likabalika is described in the present study. The species was collected from Likabali, under the Lower Siang district and Karsingsa, under the Papumpare district of Arunachal Pradesh. The new species can be easily confused to be mosses due to their similar appearance and habitat resemblance. The species is minute, prostrate and generally covers the ground like a carpet. The morphology of the new species is close to Selaginella armata, S. apoda, S. confusa and S. flacca but can be differentiated by leaf features.

The microspores morphology of 18 species of Selaginellaceae found in Arunachal Pradesh, North East India, is studied using light microscopy and electron microscopy. Of the 18 taxa examined here, the study of five taxa is attempted for the first time using an electron microscope. The species studied exhibit variation in size, shape, color and ornamentation of the microscpores. The equatorial diameter ranges from 11 to 57 mm. The tetrad form of the microscpores is recorded in four species. The variations in the microscpores ornamentation within the species of the family are useful in identification, classification and taxonomic distinction of the species. An identification key is provided for the species under study. This research is beneficial for the enumeration of basic information of microspores of the family and for the precise identification of Selaginella species. Statistical analysis of the distal and proximal surface ornamentation of the microspores is also provided.

We describe a new species of the genus Selaginella from Arunachal Pradesh. The proposed taxon is collected from hill slopes of Wakka, a town in Longding district of Arunachal Pradesh, India. The described species is based on variation in spore morphology and features of median leaves. The variation recorded in spore morphology came into light when freshly collected samples were analysed under an electron microscope. The species is morphologically distinct and is very close to two species i.e., S. reticulata and S. odishana. Taxonomic keys and a table are added to separate and compare the three species respectively. Diagnosis, description and relevant photo plates are provided for easy identification of the species.