Objective: To evaluate the consequent outcomes in the patients with rectal cancer endured laparoscopic surgical excision at Department of Surgery, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro, Hyderabad and to review their curative resection and recurrence rates, postoperative morbidities and complete survival. Methods: This prospective case series study was done at the Department of General Surgery of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. All patients of 30-65 years ages with rectal cancer and underwent diagnostic laparoscopy either of gender were included. After removing the tumor, the specimen pinned out on a flat surface and placed in fixative solution to allow the orientation of the specimen and assessments of the exact margins. As the specimens had acceptable clear margins and limited invasion to the submucosa, no further surgical procedure was proceeded. Data was collected via study proforma. Results: A total of 40 patients were studied. Patients in the laparoscopic operation lost less blood with an amount of only 200mL during 190 minutes average operation time. The bowel functioning returned in 2 days averagely with 8 days average hospital stay. Conclusion: It is concluded that laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer is an effective, safe and feasible approach in terms of less post-operative complications and recovery time as well as Hospital stay. Key words: Rectal Cancer, laparoscopic surgery

Objective: To examine the overall diagnostic and the surgical outcomes among lactating females of breast abscesses who were treated using minimally invasive procedures. Methods: This descriptive case series study was conducted during the seven months from May 2019 to November 2019. At the general surgery department of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro, treated 60 lactating female patients with probable breast abscesses, with an age of more than 18 years. Percutaneous drainage insertion and ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) were used in the treatment of breast abscesses in a minimally invasive manner. Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration was performed during drainage installation, followed by the insertion percutaneously of the ordinary drainage catheter through a prick incision. Data was collected by study proforma and SPSS version 20 was used for the analysis of data. Results: Average age of the females was 40 years. Clinical inflammation like puerperal mastitis was in 24(40%) patients, non-puerperal mastitis was in 27(45%) of the cases and other inflammation like as folliculinids and infected seroma were in 9(15%) patients. Fibrocystic variation was seen in 58 percent of the participants. 67 percent of non-puerperal mastitis patients had fibrocystic variations, 17 percent of puerperal mastitis patients had fibrocystic variations, and 56 percent of the other patients with other inflammatory forms had fibrocystic variations. Early problems occurred in 12 of every 60 patients (20%) whose are treated using minimally invasive procedures. Conclusion: As per study conclusion, fine needle aspiration (FNA) as per ultrasound guidance minimally invasive therapy combined with antibiotic treatment was observed to be the effective treatment approach for breast abscesses, and it is also a feasible and safe in terms of less post-operative recovery duration, complications, and hospital stay. Keywords: lactating mothers, Abscess, breast, surgery

Aim: To assess the impact of mode of delivery on the neonatal and maternal outcomes Study design: A cross-sectional study Place and Duration: This study was conducted at BMC Liaquat University of Medical Health Sciences Jamshoro Pakistan from February 2020 to February 2021. Methodology: The patients were divided into two groups and each group included 178 women. One group had undergone cesarean section and the other group had undergone normal vaginal delivery, and different maternal and neonatal outcomes were assessed including trauma, significant loss of blood, Apgar score, puerperal febrile morbidity, wound infection, and cord pH. Results: The study observed a higher rate of puerperal febrile morbidity and wound infections present in C-section. Similarly, blood loss was also significant in C-sections. However, neonatal complications were low and non-significant between the two groups. Conclusion: The study observed that increased maternal morbidity is associated with C-sections and women must be informed properly before making a choice of delivery. Keywords: Women, vaginal delivery, C-sections, morbidity

Aim: To determine the frequency of different clinical symptoms in (PCS) Post Cholecystectomy Syndrome patients, at a secondary care facility Study Design: A cross-sectional study Place and Duration: This study was conducted at Liaquat University of Medical Health Sciences Jamshoro, Pakistan from May 2020 May 2021. Methodology: For the purpose of this study, 100 patients were selected. Only those individuals were selected who qualified against an inclusion criterion which was set based on the patients’ history of cholecystectomy. For this purpose, a questionnaire was made. The patients that were selected had to go through CT (computed tomography) scans and sonographic tests. Blood testing was also done and sera were prepared for in-depth laboratory tests. Data from the research were analyzed by using SPSS version 19. Results: Most common clinical symptom after post-surgery was right upper quadrant pain (114 patients). Epigastric discomfort was present in 97 patients. Fever was third in line (73 patients) with jaundice being fourth (23 patients). Abdominal tenderness (19 patients) was followed by bile leakage (7 patients), fluid in the peritoneal region (19 patients), CBD dilation (39 patients), recurrent stone in CBD (12 patients), retained stone in CBD (19 patients), dysfunctioning of Oddi sphincter (37 patients) and remnants of the cystic duct stump was present in 41 patients. Conclusion: The results of this study show that post cholecystectomy symptoms and conditions vary among patients and all of them need to be kept in while proposing proper follow-up treatment Keywords: post cholecystectomy syndrome, bile leak, sonography, CT scan