Febrile neutropenia is a complication of chemotherapy that occurs in children with cancer. This paper aimed to provide an overview of the application of the Levine Energy Conservation Model for treating fever neutropenia in children with cancer. The method involved a case study of five children with cancer treated for febrile neutropenia using the nursing process approach. The nursing process, according to the Levine Energy Conservation Model, focuses on increasing the body’s adaptability through four forms of conservation, namely, the conservation of energy, personal integrity, structural integrity, and social integrity. Trophicognosis in the five cases under management identified hyperthermia and the risk of infection transmission. Other nursing problems were nutritional imbalances that were less than the body’s needs and the risk of bleeding. These problems can hinder the process of adapting children with cancer to the challenges of disease and the treatment of side effects in achieving self-integrity.