Ergonomics Program has been recommended by many studies as one of the main guidelines in equipping employees at work to prevent injuries and health problems. One of the main benefits gained from implementing the Ergonomics Program is that it reduces the risk of injury by adapting work that suit to human, not forcing human to adapt to work. Offices that are designed using ergonomic principles can improve performance and reduce workplace injuries such as musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This study aims to obtain strategies of Office Ergonomics Program Improvement to prevent risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) cases in XYZ Company Qatar. The research approach was conducted through qualitative descriptive using expert based approach (System of System Methodology - SoSM). The study began by analyzing data on MSDs cases and sick leave related to MSDs. The results of analysis are taken into consideration when collecting assumptions for office ergonomics program improvement and its level of importance and certainty. The method used is Strategic Assumption Surfacing and Testing (SAST). Prioritizing of strategic assumptions are determined using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The data obtained were analyzed using Software Expert Choice 11. The results of analysis showed that Policy and procedure had the greatest value with 0.256, while the work station was 0.219, health check-up 0.059, awareness program 0.087, regular exercise 0.202, training 0.088 and supervision / monitoring 0.089.
Eggshell waste and husk ash are abundant in Indonesia, with a population of 263 million, which is estimated to reach 483,920 tons and 10 million tons, respectively. However, this waste has not been utilized optimally, so it has a negative impact on the environment. This study aims to analyze the quality (compressive strength and water absorption) of a mixture of eggshells and husk ash as paving blocks for buildings to reduce the environmental burden. The experiment was carried out using a 2 factor factorial design: eggshells (4 levels: 0%, 5%, 7% and 15%); and husk ash (4 levels: 0%, 5%, 8% and 10%). The data were analyzed using analysis of variance, followed by analysis of mean using the least significant difference (LSD). The results showed that the mixture of eggs and husk ash had good quality, so it could reduce the need for Portland cement, which has a negative impact on the environment during production process. The best quality of a paving block was a mixture of 10% of husk ash and 15% of eggshells (A4B4 treatment) with the compressive strength value of 39 Mpa and water absorption of 5.8% (good).
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