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This in vitro study aimed to evaluate and compare the microleakage of bioactive, ormocer, and conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) restorative materials in primary molars. In this study, class V cavities were prepared on the buccal surface of 75 noncarious extracted primary molars. The teeth were then restored as per the groups assigned. Group A, group B, and group C used bioactive restorative materials, ormocer restorative materials, and conventional GIC restorative materials for restorations, respectively. The teeth were then thermocycled and subjected to microleakage analysis via dye penetration. The microleakage scores were compared for differences using the Kruskal–Wallis test. This was followed by multiple pairwise comparisons using the Dunn test. All testing was carried out using a ‘p’ value of <0.05. The percentage of samples showing microleakage score 0 depicting no dye penetration was highest for group A (56%) followed by group C (44%) and group B (12%). Statistical analysis revealed highest microleakage with group B, which was statistically significant ( p  < 0.05). Microleakage was evident in all the materials tested. The lowest microleakage was seen with bioactive restorative material.

Background: Indirect pulp treatment (IPT) has been a minimally invasive procedure for deep dentinal caries with considerable success. IPT is a procedure which involves excavation of infected dentin and keeping affected dentin intact, followed by application of IPT agent and restoration. The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare clinical and radiographic outcomes of IPT with silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and calcium hydroxide in primary teeth. Materials and Methods: The present study is a prospective, parallel, randomized controlled trial. The study was conducted with a sample size of 50 primary molars in 4 to 7 year old children. In Group A, 25 teeth each were considered for SDF whereas, 25 teeth for calcium hydroxide IPT (Group B). Clinical and radiographic outcomes were evaluated at baseline, three and six months and were compared for both the groups. Data obtained was analyzed using Fisher’s exact test. Level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results: On statistical analysis of clinical and radiographic outcomes between both the groups IPT using SDF showed 96% success rate at six month follow up whereas IPT using calcium hydroxide showed 88% success. However, there was no statistically significant difference found between the groups. Conclusions: SDF can be used as an effective alternative of calcium hydroxide for IPT in primary molars. Keywords: Indirect pulp treatment, Calcium hydroxide, Silver diamine fluoride, Primary teeth.

Context: Control of pain during dental treatment is an essential aspect of pediatric dentistry. Aims: This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the anesthetic efficacy of 4% articaine buccal infiltration with 2% lignocaine inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) for primary mandibular molar extractions. Settings and Design: The study was a prospective, split-mouth, randomized controlled trial. Methods: Bilateral symmetrical carious primary mandibular molar (n = 92) extractions in 46 healthy children aged 5–10 years were included in this randomized controlled trial. Extraction was performed on one side using 4% of articaine buccal infiltration and on the contralateral side using 2% lignocaine IANB in two subsequent appointments. Pain and behavior were assessed at baseline, during injection and extraction using Wong–Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale, Modified Behavior Pain Scale (MBPS), and Frankl Behavior Rating Scale. Statistical Analysis Used: Values thus obtained were statistically analyzed by one-way analysis of variance test and compared using independent samples test. Results: According to MBPS, the mean value of pain experienced in the form of cry during injection was reported to be more for 2% lignocaine IANB (1.76) as compared to 4% articaine buccal infiltration (1.30), which was statistically significant (P = 0.024). Comparison of behavior depicted showed no statistically significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: Buccal infiltration with 4% articaine can be utilized as an effective alternative to 2% lignocaine IANB for primary mandibular molar extractions.

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