Endometrial polyps destroy the endometrial texture and play an important role in implantation failure. There is no consensus about the management of patients diagnosed with endometrial polyp in IVF cycles. In this study, nine patients who underwent assisted reproduction treatment cycles were diagnosed with endometrial polyps less than 1.5 cm by transvaginal ultrasonography. Eight patients were treated by long protocol and one patient was the recipient of an egg donation cycle. In all patients, polyp resection was performed through hysteroscopic polypectomy. Polypectomy was done during ovarian stimulation in the standard treatment cycles, and during hormone replacement therapy in the recipient of the egg donation cycle. The interval between polyp resection and embryo transfer was 2-16 days. Four patients achieved pregnancy (two twins, two singletons), four patients were unsuccessful, and one pregnancy was a blighted ovum. All of the successful pregnancies are still ongoing. There is a dilemma regarding the management of patients diagnosed with endometrial polyps in assisted reproduction treatment cycles. If polypectomy before embryo transfer in an IVF cycle is proven to be safe, then embryos will be transferred without cycle cancellation. This study included nine patients; further studies with more patients are required to confirm these findings.

Removal of cervical discharge prior to ET may have a significant effect on the rate of implantation, pregnancy and live birth.

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Background:Establishment of a standardized animal endometriosis model is necessary for evaluation of new drug effects and for explaining different ethological aspects of this disease. For this purpose, we need a model which has more similarity to human endometriosis.Objective:Our objective was to establish an autologous endometriosis mouse model based on endogenous estrogen level and analyze the influence of estrus cycle on the maintenance of endometriotic lesions.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, endometriotic lesions were induced in 52 female NMRI mice by suturing uterine tissue samples to the abdominal wall. The transplantation was either performed at proestrus/estrus or at metestrus/diestrus cycles. Urine-soaked beddings from males and also male vasectomized mice were transferred to the cages to synchronize and maintenance of estrus cycle in female mice. The mice were sacrificed after different transplantation periods (2, 4, 6 or 8 wk). The lesions size, macroscopic growth, model success rate, histological and immune-histochemical analyses were assessed at the end.Results:From a total of 200 tissue samples sutured into the peritoneal cavity, 83 endometriotic lesions were confirmed by histopathology (41.5%). Model success rate for proestrus/estrus mice was 60.7% vs. 79.2% for metestrus/diestrus mice. The endometriotic lesions had similar growth in both groups. Number of caspase-3, Ki67-positive cells and CD31-positive micro vessels were also similar in endometriotic lesions of two groups.Conclusion:If we maintain the endogenous estrogen levels in mice, we can induce endometriosis mouse model in both proestrus/estrus and metestrus/diestrus cycle without any significant difference.