MR images of ankle ligaments from a sample of patients with ankle pain or injury are presented and reviewed.

OBJECTIVE Patient management choices in ankle fractures remain controversial because of ambiguities in assessing ankle stability and lack of information on the integrity of all supporting ligaments. Our objective was to use MRI to identify the range of ankle ligament injuries associated with a problematic subset of ankle fracture: isolated fibular fractures for which widened medial clear space is absent or minimal on standard ankle radiographs but evident on stress images. CONCLUSION In our retrospective study of 19 patients, we have categorized ligament injury and found partial or complete tears in all cases in at least two of the four major ligament groups—usually the deltoid and syndesmosis groups. The anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament of the syndesmosis suffered complete interruption in every case. The posterior tibiotalar ligament of the deltoid group, a major contributor to stability, was generally injured but, unexpectedly, most of these tears were partial.

No abstract

Both transjugular and percutaneous liver biopsy techniques are efficacious and safe. Contraindications such as thrombocytopenia, coagulopathy, and ascites are indicators of greater complications but are not necessarily prevented by transjugular biopsy. Percutaneous biopsy more frequently yields a diagnostic specimen than transjugular biopsy.

Knowledge of the physiologic purpose, orthopedic trends, imaging findings, and complications is important in assessing new orthopedic devices.