Recent trends in environmental remediation have shifted to the use of metal-organic framework (MOF) composites due to their unique structural properties. It is still challenging to diversify MOFs photocatalysts to fulfill application to treat toxic organic pigments. In this study, Fe-MOF bimetallic materials were synthesized by doping Mn2+ ions at different ratios. The structural and morphological characteristics of the materials were analyzed by XRD, UV-Vis, FT-IR, SEM, and UV-Vis DRS methods. Mn/Fe-MOF bimetallic organic framework materials were used to evaluate the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) dyes. The results show that, under the same experimental conditions, the RhB degradation efficiency of Mn/Fe-MOF is enhanced than that of the pristine Fe-MOF catalyst under the influence of visible light. After 120 min, the RhB solution was decomposed to 91.78% by combining 0.1 Mn/Fe-MOF, H2O2, and visible light irradiation. At the same time, the presence of H2O2 in the reaction system also showed a strong impact on the efficiency of RhB degradation. The activity from the two metal centers of Mn/Fe-MOF contributes to the formation of a unique structure and composition that can be used as a photocatalyst for colored wastewater treatment.

The first copper-doped titanium-based amine-dicarboxylate metal-organic framework was synthesized by the solvothermal approach in this article, with a Cu2+/Ti4+ ratio of 0.15 (15% Cu/Ti-MOFs). X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectra, N2 adsorption-desorption studies, and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS) were all used to identify the crystalline and properties of the semiconductors. The rate constants of 15% Cu/Ti-MOFs to degrade Rhodamine B (RhB) were roughly two times higher than NH2-Ti-MOFs. Furthermore, 15% Cu/Ti-MOFs photocatalysts remained stable after three cycles. The trapping test revealed that the principal active species in the degradation performance were hydroxyl radicals and holes.

: Jackfruit is a fruit tree species distributed mainly in Southeast Asia and Brazil. The pulp and skin of jackfruit are widely used in various fields such as food, medicine, and interior decoration. However, the jackfruit processing into edible and usable products generates a large quantity of agricultural waste. In this review, we focused on summarizing the environmental applications of jackfruit waste in wastewater treatment. Specifically, the potential and application of activated carbon synthesized from jackfruit waste were assessed concerning the adsorption of organic dyes and metals from wastewater. In practical water treatment applications, the adsorption kinetic and isothermal models have been evaluated for activated carbon's suitability and adsorption capacity. This study acts as the basis for further development of the by-product materials to environmental treatment application and to reduce the negative impact of agricultural by-products on the environment.