No abstract

The proteolytic processing of neuropeptide precursors is believed to be regulated by serine proteinase inhibitors, or serpins. Here we describe the molecular cloning and functional expression of a novel member of the serpin family, Serine protease inhibitor 4 (Spn4), that we propose is involved in the regulation of peptide maturation in Drosophila. The Spn4 gene encodes at least two different serpin proteins, generated by alternate splicing of the last coding exon. The closest vertebrate homolog to Spn4 is neuroserpin. Like neuroserpin, one of the Spn4 proteins (Spn4.1) features a unique C-terminal extension, reminiscent of an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal; however, Spn4.1 and neuroserpin have divergent reactive site loops, with Spn4.1 showing a generic recognition site for furin/SPC1, the founding member of the intracellularly active family of subtilisin-like proprotein convertases (SPCs). In vitro, Spn4.1 forms SDS-stable complexes with the SPC furin and directly inhibits it. When Spn4.1 is overexpressed in specific peptidergic cells of Drosophila larvae, the animals exhibit a phenotype consistent with disrupted neuropeptide processing. This observation, together with the unique combination of an ER-retention signal, a target sequence for SPCs in the reactive site loop, and the in vitro inhibitory activity against furin, strongly suggests that Spn4.1 is an intracellular regulator of SPCs.

This study aims to discuss the paradigm shift of the right to know and to analyze the government 3.0 policies of the Park Gun-Hae's administration. The study analyzes the preceding researches on the rights to know and freedom of information. It also defines the concept of the right to know in both broad and narrow senses. Furthermore, the history of people's right to know is analyzed and divided into three different stages. Then, the outcomes and limitations of government 3.0 during Park Gun-Hae's administration are explored. As a result, the study discusses the dangers and the future tasks of government 3.0 in terms of quality, gathering, and security of public information.

The study aims to analyze the Public Data Act and provide alternative strategies for public data management. It conducts an extensive literature review based on a multidisciplinary approach and discusses the terms, public data and synonyms from the Public Data Act, and other related laws while also studies and traces the history of related regulations. The significance of the Public Data Act is analyzed and the major contents of the Act are examined, particularly, the contents that describe relevant committees. As a result, the article discusses five issues: relation between regulations, ambiguity of decision-making standards, 'professionality of a public data supply officer, low quality of public data, and lack of records and archives management.

This study aims at analyzing librarians' job satisfaction at public libraries in Dae-gu, according to various management and employment styles. As a theoretical study, it discusses management styles of public libraries and argues concepts and factors of job satisfaction. Based on the discussion the study selects 7 factors of job satisfaction and conducts a survey. All the respondents are satisfactory to 4 factors; job, co-worker, superior officer, and business affairs, but are not satisfactory to 3 factors; wages, welfare, and employment. There are differences between contract managed libraries and direct managed libraries. At local government's contract managed libraries there is no difference in a sense of job insecurity between full-time and part-time librarians. The remarkable differences between full-time and part-time librarians are concerning participation in decision making processes and discretion in business affairs. The most significant differences between them are about wages, welfare and employment.