Purpose: To determine the challenges, effectiveness, level of reception and acceptance of E-learning by students (learners) and faculty (educators) in a medical college during the lockdown period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: An online questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted among learners and educators at AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, in the month of August 2020. A total of 203 learners and 24 educators participated in the study. The link of the Google form containing the questionnaire was sent to the students and teachers, and the responses obtained were analyzed with SPSS software (version 20). Results: Two hundred three MBBS students and twenty-four faculty members participated in the study. In our study, 34.5% (n=70) learners and 62.5% (n=15) educators preferred supplementation of E-learning with conventional mode of pedagogy in the future. There was a significant correlation between the convenience and the effectiveness of E-learning. Both learners and educators considered E-learning to be moderately effective. The major problems faced by the educators while conducting online sessions were network issues, difficulty in conducting practicals, lack of controlled environment, and lack of attentiveness by the learners. More than half of the students were satisfied with the E-learning provided by the institute. Educators found E-learning to be moderately convenient, whereas they felt conventional classroom teaching is highly convenient. Conclusion: Educators and learners were quick to adapt to the online mode of learning but the shift was mired with initial challenges. There is a requirement of capacity building in terms of skill development and digital infrastructure building to ensure seamless and effective E-learning.

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Crude bombs are country-made explosive weapons, usually prepared from locally available materials such as firecrackers or explosives used in mines. These are generally concealed inside the fruits, such as jackfruit, pineapple, and watermelon, to kill wild boars or other animals by poachers in India. Occasionally, crude bombs are remodeled resembling fruit or a ball and placed on the fields, where animals usually raid their crops. Such crude bombs may result in accidental explosions and contribute to the death of unintended targets, including humans. Despite these sporadic incidents reported in media, scientific data are lacking. Here, we report a young child who sustained injuries after an accidental explosion of such a crude bomb. It exploded when the child apparently mistook it for a ball and grasped it firmly while playing with his brother. This case is the first to report the accidental death of a child after the crude bomb's fatal explosion to the best of our knowledge. This report also briefly overviews the emerging menace of crude bombs in India.

The age determination of an individual is indispensable in various civil and criminal cases. The sternum is one of the key bones for age estimation beyond 25 years. Many studies were done in the past on age determination from the sternum had variable and inconclusive results. Further, the region-specific research on the sternum for age determination is lacking from the eastern Indian population. The present study was done to examine the sternum for its fusion status along each segment, mesosternum-xiphisternal (MXJ) junction, and manubrium-sternal (MSJ) joint by direct inspection. This cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in the mortuary of a tertiary health care center in ABC. 102 sterna were collected from known corpses during autopsy which included 73 males and 29 females aged between 6 years to 85 years. The earliest complete fusion of manubrium with the body was observed to be 17 years in females and 24 years in males. Whereas the maximum number of cases of complete fusion was observed among 51-60 years of age irrespective of the sexes, indicative of a very limited role of the sternum in estimating the age. The fusion of each segment of mesosternum has utility in determining age beyond 20 years and the xiphisternal joint remains reliable corroborative evidence for the age beyond 40 years.

Suicide is the second cause of death among adolescents worldwide. Besides neurohormonal changes following puberty, a constellation of risk factors such as academic failure, relationship issues, nancial stress, peer pressure, increasing life responsibilities, and family issues stir up suicidal emotions. However, the impact of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and gynecological pathologies are rarely encountered and considered in medicolegal autopsies. We present a case of a 16-year-old adolescent girl who committed suicide by swallowing an organophosphate compound following a minor argument with her sister. At autopsy, besides poisoning, dual pathology of the ovary that includes right polycystic ovary and left ovarian mature cystic teratoma was discovered. The psychophysiological characteristics of PCOS and its prospective association with depression vis-à-vis suicidal tendencies are discussed.