Due to the complexity of measurements for obtaining individual head-related transfer functions (HRTFs), numerical simulations offer an attractive alternative for generating large HRTF data bases. In this study, HRTFs are simulated using a fast multipole boundary element method (BEM). The BEM is well suited for the HRTF simulations. Namely, only the surface of the model geometry is discretized which simplifies the pre-processing compared to other full-wave simulation methods (such as finite element and finite difference methods). The BEM is formulated in frequency domain and the model is solved separately for each frequency. Since a large number of frequencies is needed in wide-band HRTF simulations, the BEM simulation greatly benefits from distributed (or parallel) computing. That is, a single computing unit takes care of a single frequency. In this study, a distributed BEM using cloud computing is introduced. Simulations are computed in a public cloud (Amazon EC2) using a realistic head and torso geometry (3D laser scanned geometry of Bruel & Kjaer HATS 4128 mannequin). The frequency range of the simulations is from 20 to 20000 Hz. The feasibility of cloud computing for simulating HRTFs is examined and first analysis results for the simulated HRTFs are shown.

Due to the complexity of measurements for obtaining individual head-related transfer functions (HRTFs), numerical simulations offer an attractive alternative for generating large HRTF data bases. In this study, HRTFs are simulated using a fast multipole boundary element method (BEM). The BEM is well suited for the HRTF simulations. Namely, only the surface of the model geometry is discretized which simplifies the pre-processing compared to other full-wave simulation methods (such as finite element and finite difference methods). The BEM is formulated in frequency domain and the model is solved separately for each frequency. Since a large number of frequencies is needed in wide-band HRTF simulations, the BEM simulation greatly benefits from distributed (or parallel) computing. That is, a single computing unit takes care of a single frequency. In this study, a distributed BEM using cloud computing is introduced. Simulations are computed in a public cloud (Amazon EC2) using a realistic head and torso geometry (3D laser scanned geometry of Bruel & Kjaer HATS 4128 mannequin). The frequency range of the simulations is from 20 to 20000 Hz. The feasibility of cloud computing for simulating HRTFs is examined and first analysis results for the simulated HRTFs are shown.