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Circularly polarized single-layer U-slot microstrip patch antenna has been proposed. The suggested asymmetrical U-slot can generate the two orthogonal modes for circular polarization without chamfering any corner of the probe-fed square patch microstrip antenna. A parametric study has been carried out to investigate the effects caused by different arm lengths of the U-slot. The thickness of the foam substrate is about 8.5% of the wavelength at the operating frequency. The 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna is 4%. Both experimental and theoretical results of the antenna have been presented and discussed.

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IEEE Transactions on Wireless CommunicationsSUBMITTED TO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, 2021 22 That being said, space can be extremely important as N is anticipated to be constrained by the space available for implementation.