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Abstract. The main objective of the article is to indicate the directions of development of new generations of supplying buildings with heat, by using phase change materials, referring to the technical possibilities of applying available heat storage technologies. As a detailed objective of the work, the determination of the impact of using a PCM accumulator on the temperature of the heat carrier on the return in the substation of the district heating system was adopted. Range work included determination of parameters of heat distribution network as a function of outdoor air temperature range of -20°C to +12°C. As the analysis object, the heat substation has been selected with the following parameters: supply 80°C and return 60°C. It was found that thanks to the use of PCM accumulators on heat substations, it is possible to save energy by up to approx. 6.7% and achieve economic benefits in the form of a payback period of approx. 13 years. In addition, it was found that the introduction of the PCM accumulator into the heating system allows the return temperature in the heating network to be obtained at a temperature level consistent with the adopted control table for external temperatures of the standard heating season.

Abstract:The main objective of this article is to indicate the direction of development of new generation heating systems that use phase change materials, and the important criteria needed when choosing a phase change material. The work contains a detailed classification of materials using the latent heat of organic and inorganic PCM. This references the technical possibilities of existing heat storage technologies. A specific objective was adopted to determine the effect of using heat storage with PCM on inlet and outlet temperatures in substation in district heating systems. The scope of the study included determining the parameters of the heat distribution network as a function of an outdoor air temperature within the range of -20°C to + 12°C. The object of analysis was chosen to be the heating system parameters: supply 120°C and return 60°C. It is located on the surface of 160km 2 , and supplies heat to 240,000 residents. The total length of the district heating network is 170 km. Based on the study, it was found that the most advantageous material that accumulates heat depends on the return temperature in the heating network. For the above analyzed case, the return temperature was in the range of 46°C to 57°C. The analysis showed that the most preferred materials using heat of phase change, have possible applications in heating networks and received a return temperature including salt hydrates, such as MgSO4·7H2O and Na2S2O3·5H2O. The introduction of stored heat for the district heating system with the phase change material in the form of salt hydrates, allows the return temperature in the district heating to remain at temperatures compatible with the adopted regulatory table for temperatures outside the standard heating season.

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Przeprowadzona analiza dotyczyła możliwości i ekonomicznej opłacalności podłączenia domów słonecznych do sieci ciepłowniczej, jako rozproszonych magazynów ciepła. Dom słoneczny to budynek, w którym zapotrzebowanie na ciepło jest pokrywane w przynajmniej 50% przez promieniowanie słoneczne. Na podstawie wykonanych badań stwierdza się, że bardziej opłacalnym rozwiązaniem byłoby podłączenie domu słonecznego do sieci ciepłowniczej. Przedsiębiorstwo ciepłownicze również może oczekiwać pozytywnych efektów takiego zabiegu, np. ograniczenie ciepła nieodebranego. Magazyn ciepła, który jest zlokalizowany w domu słonecznym, daje możliwość zmagazynowania nieodebranego ciepła w 100%, eliminując tym samym ponoszone z tego tytułu straty. Na przykładzie badanego przypadku można uzyskać oszczędności finansowe na poziomie 20%.