Background: Health care workers (HCW) who have occupational exposure to blood are at increased risk for acquiring blood-borne infections. Occupational exposure to blood can result from per-cutaneous injury (needle stick or other sharps injury), muco-cutaneous injury or contact with non-intact skin. Hence not only doctors and nurses even laboratory technicians, housekeeping personnel and hospital waste handlers are at risk of harboring the blood borne infections through needle-stick injury (NSI).Methods: The present prospective cross sectional study was carried out at the 400 bedded Government Medical College Hospital, Rajnandgaon, Chhattisgarh, India, during period from November 2015 to August 2016. Out of total study participants, 18 were doctors, 142 nurses and 20 lab technicians from different clinical departments/wards of the hospital. Data was collected by using a predesigned pretested questionnaire and analyzed using appropriate statistical software.Results: Out of 180 HCW, 149 (82.78%) were females and, 31 (17.22%) were males. Majority 78 (43.3%) of the subjects said that the physician should be consulted after NSI within one hour. 51.1% of the subjects surprisingly replied that it was not necessary to report NSI. Around 72 (40%) of the subjects had history of NSI sometime in their life till then. Out of total exposed respondents, 56/72 (77.8%), took ICTC consultation. Out of total subjects who consulted ICTC, 51/56 (91.1 %), were suggested to take PEP by the ICTC physician. Out of 51 subjects who were advised PEP (Post Exposure Prophylaxis) by ICTC Physician, 45 (88.2%) started PEP within 1 hr of NSI. Majority of the participants replied that most probability of getting NSI was while drawing blood sample from the patients (29.2%). 68.9% of the study subjects were immunized completely against Hepatitis B.Conclusions: The study subjects had adequate knowledge about NSI and their response in the form of actions that have to be taken after NSI was also satisfactory. The response in the form of taking consultation from a specialist and taking PEP was appreciable but it needs to be improved upon.

Background: Patient expression is an important source of information in screening for problems and developing an effective plan of action for quality improvement in health care organizations. Assessing satisfaction has been mandatory for quality control of any hospital, which has resulted in an increasing number of projects devoted to the concept of satisfaction and determinant of patient satisfaction.Methods: The present Cross sectional Observational Hospital based study was conducted in Government Medical College Hospital, Rajnandgaon (C.G.) India during April 2016 to September 2016. A sample of 200 patients was taken who were admitted in different Indoor Patients Department of Clinical departments. Patients were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The information from the patients on various aspects of patient’s satisfaction like admission procedure, communication with staff, physical care, test and operation help availability, cleanliness, privacy related issues and overall satisfaction was obtained by interview with patients based on the semi structured questionnaire proforma.Results: In the present study, among IPD patient Male: Female ratio was 3:2 approx. Helpfulness of person at registration desk was ranked very good by 93% subject. Wheelchair was available for most of the patients (95%) but its availability when needed was ranked very good by 76% patients only. Majority of patient were satisfied with the behavior of the lab technician (89%), availability of lab results on given time (81%).Conclusions: This study shows that patients admitted in the various wards of hospital were satisfied with the quality of professional services by doctors, nursing and paramedical staff but problem lies with the availability of basic amenities. Overall present study shows that assessing satisfaction of patients is simple, easy and cost effective way for evaluating the hospital services.

Background: It has been observed that besides intensification of routine immunization, more strategic interventions are essential to strengthen the different aspects of immunization services like cold-chain management and monitoring/supportive supervision. The present study was considered as a part of ongoing UNICEF funded project on Supportive Supervision of Routine Immunization in Jashpur and Sarguja districts undertaken by the Department of Community Medicine, GMC Rajnandgaon with the objectives to assess the status of cold chain equipment and logistics management practices, knowledge and practice of cold chain handler (CCHs) about cold chain equipment and logistics management.Methods: A cross-sectional facility based study was conducted from August 2017 to February 2018. Among 18 cold chain points (CCPs), 9 from Jashpur and 9 from Sarguja district were considered for analysis using structured questionnaires provided by UNICEF.Results: In 83.33% CCPs cold chain technician or annual maintenance contract/computer-mediated communication service provider visit for preventive maintenance in the last 4 months. Vaccine CCHs carries out the daily and weekly planned preventive measures as per the checklist in 83.33% CCPs during our visit. In all CCPs iced line refrigerator (ILR) and deep freezer (DF) were placed as per specified guidelines. In 66.66% CCPs there was documentation of monthly review of temperature records. In all CCPs visited standard vaccine and logistics stock/issue registers were available.Conclusions: Most of the components of cold chain and logistics management practices were satisfactory while there is a gap in other components which needs to be improved by means of ongoing project of strengthening of SSRI in both districts.

Background: Universal Health Coverage refers to health care system that provides health care and financial protection to all the citizen. Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojna as National Health Insurance Scheme initiated in Chhattisgarh State in 2009 for below poverty line families. Second scheme is Mukhyamantri Swasthya Bima Yojna initiated in 2012, which covers non below poverty line families. Objectives: To assess socio demographic factors among women residing in slum of Rajnandgaon, to find their universal health insurance coverage under RSBY/ MSBY and to assess the extent of concerned treatment under RSBY/MSBY. Methods: It was a community based cross sectional study, conducted in the urban slum area of Rajnandgaon amongst 188 women above 18 years of age who were hospitalized 6 months prior to the study using snow ball technique as a sampling method. They were interviewed using semi structured questionnaires by the investigator with the help of anganwadi worker. Result: 77.65% respondents/study subjects were enrolled under the universal health insurance (RSBY card/ MSBY card). Subjects belonging to Lower socio-economic status and having BPL card were enrolled under scheme more than upper socio-economic group. Out of 146 smart card holders, a mere 1.36% subjects incurred catastrophic OOPE. Out of 42 respondents not having smart card, 40.47% subjects incurred catastrophic OOPE Conclusion: The RSBY card reduced the inpatient OOPE. RSBY card prevented catastrophic OOP in most of the respondent. RSBY has made health services accessible to all sections of community at minimal cost.

COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease of 2019) what is known to be first incidence from Wuhan, China has now discovered its spread & threat to every other country. Protective measurements and better addressing policies seem to be the only way of fighting against COVID-19 progression till the vaccination to be invented. Study aims at finding the estimated progression of COVID-19 spread in India at different rates of transmission (R 0) by using Susceptible, Exposed, Infected, Recovered (SEIR) model using online data COVID-19 registered cases in India collected from 30th January 2020 to 28th April 2020 for earlier phase of the research & then till June 30th 2020 for later part of the study. Also the data of around 206 countries for BCG vaccine coverage & 155 countries for temperature effect were assessed for finding correlation with COVID-19 morbidity. Reproduction number for COVID-19 for India was found at R 0 =2.51 with transmission rate (b) = 0.