Metronidazole (MTD) is a common antibiotic used to treat various pathogens and protozoal infections in humans and domestic animals. This drug is, however, prohibited in various countries owing to its extremely precarious properties. Hence, the low-limit detection of MTD in the environment is more important because it is very impactful and affects human health. Iron tungstate (Fe2WO6) has been produced by the hydrothermal method and the carbon nanofibers (CNF) prepared from the electrospinning technique. After that, CNF/Fe2WO6 composite decorated glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was used for the electrochemical detection of MTD. Here, the different physicochemical characterization studies were used to confirm the CNF/Fe2WO6 composite. Moreover, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry studies, and differential pulse voltammetry have been used for the electrochemical studies of modified electrodes. The electrochemical results of GCE/CNF/Fe2WO6 electrodes exhibited an excellent electrochemical response at -0.5 V. The MTD detection limit has been calculated by the very low detection limit concentrations (0.013 μM). Further, the GCE/CNF/Fe2WO6 electrodes performed at high sensitivity (1.55 μA μM−1 cm-2) with a wide linear range (0.01-1792 μM). Besides, the GCE/CNF/Fe2WO6 have excellent repeatability, reproducibility, stability, and real sample analysis performances.

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The major problem facing humanity in the world right now is the sustainable provision of water and electricity. Therefore, it is essential to advance methods for the long-term elimination or removal of organic contaminants in the biosphere. Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is one of the most harmful pollutants affecting human health through improper industrial usage. In this study, a zinc tungsten oxide (ZnWO4) nanomaterial was prepared with a simple hydrothermal synthesis. The ZnWO4/Carbon black nanocomposites were fabricated for the determination of CIP. The nanocomposites were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Electrochemical studies were done using cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry methods. Based on the electrode preparation, the electrochemical detection of CIP was carried out, producing exceptional electrocatalytic performance with a limit of detection of 0.02 μM and an excellent sensitivity of (1.71 μA μM−1 cm−2). In addition, the modified electrode displayed great selectivity and acceptable recoveries in an environmental water sample analysis for CIP detection of 97.6% to 99.2%. The technique demonstrated high sensitivity, selectivity, outstanding consistency, and promise for use in ciprofloxacin detection. Ciprofloxacin was discovered using this brand-new voltammetry technique in a water sample analysis.

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