Introduction: Facial soft tissue thickness is important not only for plastic surgeons but also for orthodontists to plan the treatment procedure. Genioplasty, an orthognathic surgery in combination with orthodontic treatment is indicated to restore adequate shape and projection of the chin in the face. It has been performed to enhance soft tissue contours related to disproportion between soft and hard tissue. These treatments require the critical information regarding the relation between soft and hard tissues for proper treatment plan-ning. However, there is very minimal documentation on comparison of soft tissue characteristics particularly in Class II malocclusion.  Aim: To evaluate and compare soft tissue chin thickness in class II subjects with various growth patterns. To evaluate soft tissue chin thickness difference in males and females and compare the results with previous studies.  Materials and methods: The study comprised 150 adults aged between 18 and 26 years (mean age 21 years). Based on FH/MP angle the study sample was allocated into three groups: group I - low (hypodivergent), group II – average, and group III - high (hyper-divergent). Radiographs were traced manually. Angular measurements were computed to determine the vertical position of the maxilla and mandible in relation to anterior cranial base, to true horizontal and to each other. Soft tissue chin thickness was measured at three different levels.  Results: Hyperdivergent group showed greater soft tissue chin thickness at Pog-Pog’ than the hypodivergent and average angle groups. Hypodivergent group showed greater soft tissue chin thickness at Me-Me’ and Gn-Gn’ as compared to average and hyperdivergent groups. Males showed greater soft tissue chin thickness at hypodivergent, average and hyperdivergent group than females.  Conclusions: Soft tissue thickness measurements were smaller in adult patients of hyperdivergent group compared to adult patients in clinically average and hypodivergent groups. All STC measurements were greater in men than in women. The findings suggested that STC thickness in hyperdivergent pattern should be considered differently at its most anterior point (Pog) relative to its inferior landmarks (Gn and Me).

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Since Class III malocclusion is progressive in nature, the facial growth of Class III malocclusion worsens with age. Class III malocclusion is associated with a deviation in the sagittal relationship of the maxilla and the mandible, characterized by a deficient maxilla, retrognathic mandible, or a combination of both. The early orthopedic treatment of Class III malocclusions, at the end of primary dentition or the beginning of mixed dentition, prior to growth spurt, allows the accomplishment of successful results, providing facial balance, modifying the maxillofacial growth and development, and in many instances, preventing a future surgical treatment by increasing the stability. Many treatment approaches can be found in the literature regarding orthopedic and orthodontic treatment of Class III malocclusion, including intra- and extra-oral appliances. The major problem with extraoral anchorage has been of patient compliance due to its physical appearance. The case report presents an intraoral modified tandem appliance for maxillary protraction that has been used clinically to achieve successful results without relying much on patient co-operation.

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Objective: The investigation was aimed at studying genetic transmission of soft tissue facial features by comparing the degree of correlation of facial soft tissue features similarities between children and their parents, and children and their older siblings of the same gender, in order to explore the possibility of predicting adult soft tissue form. Materials and methods:The study group comprised of 30 pairs of biologic parents and their 60 children-two children of the same gender per pair such that the older one was more than 18 years of age and the younger one was less than 14 years of age. The control group consisted of 30 pairs of nonrelated parents.Scanned tracings of standardized frontal photographs were used for analyzing four groups of facial parameters. Correlation coefficient was calculated to asses the degree of facial similarity among various pairs.Results: Degree of correlation from the highest to the lowest was seen in the following order: Between the midparents and offspring pairs, mother and older offspring pairs, older sibling and younger offspring pairs (especially for the male sample), father and older offspring pairs and father and younger offspring pairs. Similarity between children and the control group was negligible. Conclusion:There is a fairly strong genetic control in the transmission of soft tissue facial characteristics. The correlations are helpful in forecasting the growth of soft tissue features of children by comparison with the parents or older siblings.