One of the assumptions of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) is that external factors (subjective norms) may shape individual behavioural intentions. Based on this assumption, this study was carried out to find if perceived social support and social media addiction predict tendency to engage in examination misconduct. One hundred and eighty (180) participants comprising 112 females and 62 males, aged between 18-40 years with a mean age of 22.77 years and standard deviation of 3.61 were involved in the study. These participants were undergraduates from Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. Three instruments were used in the study. They include: Examination Malpractice Questionnaire (EMQ), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and Social Media Addiction Scale (SMAS). Two investigations were made in the study using hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The first investigation led to the findings that social support (family, friends and significant others) jointly predicted tendency to engage in examination misconduct positively and significantly, ß (3, 175) = .107**. The first findings revealed also that friends’ social support predicted tendency to engage in examination misconduct negatively and significantly, ß = -.253* while significant others’ social support predicted tendency to engage in examination misconduct positively and significantly, ß = .416**. It was also revealed that family social support predicted tendency to engage in examination misconduct negatively but not significantly, ß = -.047. The second investigation led to the findings that social media addiction significantly predicted tendency to engage in examination misconduct, ß (1, 174) = .048*. This indicated that social support and social media addiction predicted tendency to engage in examination misconduct. The findings may have implications for planning, understanding and designing programs for prevention of examination malpractice. It was recommended that school management should institute workshops and symposium each semester on perceived social support and social media addiction with respect to examination misconduct.
Hedonism theory and desire theory assumed that internal factors (humour styles) may explain happiness among undergraduates. In the current study, the assumption is tested among 226 undergraduates of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. Ages of the participants were 18-40 years (M= 21.66 years, SD= 3.10). Two scales were used to collect data for the study: Subjective happiness scale (SHS) and humour styles questionnaire (HSQ). The study adopted correlation design and the hypothesis was tested with multiple regression analysis. The results indicated that humour styles; affiliative humour, self-enhancing humour and self-defeating humour significantly predicted happiness while aggressive humour did not. The outcome of the study suggested for the first time a framework for understanding the role of humour styles on happiness. It was suggested that affiliative, self-enhancing and self-defeating humour styles should be encouraged and included in the University’s programs as part of general studies, routine seminars, conferences and orientations of new students.
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