In the present paper we demonstrate the possibility to image dyed solids, i.e. Rhodamine B dyed polyethylene spheres, by means of two-photon absorption-induced photoacoustic scanning microscopy. A two-photon luminescence image is recorded simultaneously with the photoacoustic image and we show that location and size of the photoacoustic and luminescence image match. In the experiments photoacoustic signals and luminescence signals are generated by pulses from a femtosecond laser. Photoacoustic signals are acquired with a hydrophone; luminescence signals with a spectrometer or an avalanche photo diode. In addition we derive the expected dependencies between excitation intensity and photoacoustic signal for single-photon absorption, two-photon absorption and for the combination of both. In order to verify our setup and evaluation method the theoretical predictions are compared with experimental results for liquid and solid specimens, i.e. a carbon fiber, Rhodamine B solution, silicon, and Rhodamine B dyed microspheres. The results suggest that the photoacoustic signals from the Rhodamine B dyed microspheres do indeed stem from two-photon absorption.

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We present an improved detection scheme for a two-wave mixing interferometer with a Bi12SiO20 crystal. The proposed detection scheme allows quasi-balanced detection of ultrasonic signals whereby electrical disturbances are suppressed. Quasi-balancing is achieved by changing the polarity of the high voltage at the photorefractive crystal, leading to an inversion of the optical interference signal, in combination with inversion of the detector signal using a signal inverter before the data acquisition device. The polarity of the high voltage is changed by utilizing an H-bridge consisting of five high-voltage relays. Microcontrollers are used to synchronize the reversion of the high voltage at the photorefractive crystal and the inversion of the measured signals. We demonstrate remote measurement of ultrasonic waves and shown that electrical disturbances are suppressed using the quasi-balanced mode.

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