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One important aspect in building trusted information systems is the precise specification of systems and system parts. This applies even more for information systems built from COTS components. To specify behavioral aspects of software components the UML Object Constraint Language (OCL) is well suited. One current problem in component specifications comes from the fact that editing OCL constraints manually is time consuming and error-prone. To simplify constraint definition we propose to use specification patterns for which OCL constraints can be generated automatically. In this paper we outline this solution proposal and present a library of reusable OCL specification patterns.

Abstract.Companies are not going to invest into the development of innovative applications or services unless these can be charged for appropriately. Thus, the existence of standardized and widely accepted mobile payment procedures is crucial for successful business-to-customer mobile commerce. In this paper we reflect on the acceptance of mobile payment and examine the characteristics of current mobile payment procedures. The outcomes of the paper are a categorization of current mobile payment procedures with strategic, participation and operational criteria and, based on these results, the derivation of the five mobile payment standard types prepaid, mobile money, conventional settlement, premium rate number and dual-card. Finally, a prospect is given to possible further development of mobile payment procedures in the direction of an integrative universal mobile payment system (UMPS).

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