A DBSA (n‐dodecylbenzene sulfate)‐complexed aniline formaldehyde [AF(DBSA)1.0] was successfully synthesized with excess aniline (compared with formaldehyde) in the presence of n‐dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (HDBSA), which was complexed with aniline monomer before polymerization. The resin was carefully characterized with 1H and 13C NMR, electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, and Fourier transform infrared and was demonstrated to be a polymer in which anilines were all complexed with HDBSA and became anilinium salts. A drastic decrease of the maximum absorption wavelength (ultraviolet–visible spectra) of DBSA‐doped polyaniline [PANI(DBSA)0.5] was found when AF(DBSA)1.0 was mixed, and this resulted from the reduced conjugation length. A similar effect on PANI(DBSA)0.5 was found when free HDBSAs were mixed with PANI(DBSA)0.5. Visual inspection with an optical microscope revealed that PANI(DBSA)0.5/AF(DBSA)1.0 gave uniform morphologies in various compositions, showing possible miscibility for this system. X‐ray diffraction patterns of PANI(DBSA)0.5/AF(DBSA)1.0 showed that the layered structure of PANI(DBSA)0.5 was still present but became shorter in the polyblend because of the presence of AF(DBSA)1.0. Solid‐state 13C NMR spectra revealed that the reduced conjugation length was derived from the interaction of alkyl groups between HDBSA, complexed DBSA, and dopant DBSAs. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 3116–3125, 2005

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This paper describes the use of one-dimensional ͑1D͒ poly͑3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene͒ nanorod ͑n-PEDOT͒ and modified poly͑3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene͒:poly͑styrene sulfonate͒ ͑PEDOT:PSS͒ films as anode buffer layers in polymer photovoltaic cells based on poly͑3-hexylthiophene͒:͓6,6͔-phenyl-C 61-butyric acid methyl ester. We employed high-speed vibrational milling to disperse the n-PEDOTs into an aqueous PSS medium. Raman spectroscopy measurements revealed quinoid-dominated structures for these aqueous-soluble n-PEDOT:PSS materials. The presence of the 1D n-PEDOTs in the buffer layer improved the photovoltaic performance ͑ AM1.5 = 3.10%͒ of the polymer solar cell relative to that of the system prepared using the unmodified PEDOT:PSS ͑ AM1.5 = 2.17%͒. This enhancement was accompanied by an increase in the values of J SC ͑from 5.85 to 7.62 mA/cm 2 ͒ and the fill factor ͑from 0.58 to 0.64͒. The conductivity and polarity of the n-PEDOT-modified buffer layer increased upon increasing the content of n-PEDOT, resulting in increases of the short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage, and power conversion efficiency of the polymer solar cell incorporating the 1D n-PEDOTs.

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