In this paper authors present results of experiments and numerical calculation of the ballast water exchange from a 2-Dimension model tank using pumping through method. In recent years discharged ballast water from the ships has been identified as a potential threat to the marine environment. Many kinds of species are included in the discharged ballast water and these are transferred from one port to other. Breed species have some potential that cause severe adverse impact on ecology including expulsion of native organisms. It probably effects the human society as well. In view of this problem the IMO (International Maritime Organization) was adopted 1 REGULATIONS FOR THE CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT OF SHIP 'S BALLAST WATER AND SEDIMENTS z in 2004. It is mandatory that all the ships should comply with Ballast Water Performance Standard z by 2016. It was suggested the ballast water exchange using Pumping-Through (Flow-Through) method until 2016. By using this method, it is assumed that 95% of the ballast water exchange is possible if seawater of 3 times of ballast tank capacity is overflowed. However there are only few studies on the verification of the volume of ballast water discharge using this method. Thus it is necessary to check the efficiency of this procedure.The experiments results show that pumping-through method can dilute about 95% of ballast water if volume of 3 times the capacity of the model tank is overflow. In this experiment we used a 2-Dimension square tank model of I m in all sides and measured the dilution rate of the inside fluid with an optical method. Also we analyzed the motion of inside fluid of tank using MPS method as a numerical calculation and compared with the experiment results.

As AIS receiver can acquire ship − moving inforIIlation on land ， it is expected as a new device of a marine traf丑c investigation ． This paper describes the systeln 七hat does the safety evalllation in real time in the marine tra田c continuously receiving ship −moving hユformation by the AIS receiver ， and using Environmental Stress model (ES model) ， which can evaluate ship − handling difficulty ．

Discharged baltast water from the ships has beenidentified as a potential threat to the marine environment ． Many species ofmarine animals and microorganisms ofspecies are included in discharged ballast water and these are transfbrred f セ om one port to others ． Breeding species have some potential that cause severe adverse impact on ecosystem including expulsion of native species ． It probab 畳 y affects the human society as well ． Therefbre ， the management of ballast water 菫 s important ．The ballast water exchange by using a Pumping − through method is one ofthe management ofballast water ． Authors have inspected the validity of this method by using a 2 − Dimension tank model and numerical calculation ． As a result ， we have seen that 95％ ofthe ballast water exchange is possible if seawater of3times ofballast tank capacity is overfiowed ． However ， the 2 − D tank model is different shape from an actua1 ballast tank ， Then ， we made a more real 3 − Dimensions tank modeL In this paper， we experimented w 萋 th the 3 − D 寝mk mode1 ， 1n the experiment ， we used the fluid dyed with methylene blue and measured the density ofthe fluid by an optical technique ． As a result， we obtained the same result the experiment result with 2− D tank mode1 ． Keywords ： ocean pollution ， ba〃ast water ， Pitmpin9 through method ，

It is required to develop new paving materials for pavements, such as footpaths, car parks, etc., in parks, having good landscape. Such paving materials have been already developed, but these do not have sufficient strength, abrasion resistance and frost resistance. In this study, a new paving was examined material using cement, sand and granite soil. The mix proportion of this material tested was 2:4:4 of cement, sand and granite soil by mass. The maximum flexural and compressive strength were both obtained at a water content of 14% of the total mass, and the strength were several times larger than that of paving material on the market consisting of 10% of cement and 90% granite soil. The abrasion resistance was tested according to ASTM C 779, and this resistance was about four times greater than that of the paving material on the market. The frost resistance was obtained high value compared with the concrete of 72% in water cement ratio by a new simple resisting test method for freezing and thawing using liquid nitrogen and warm water. It is considered that this new paving material is applicable to pavement for footpath, car park, etc.

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