Poly(ethylene oxide)s (PEOs) are useful polymers with good water solubility, biological compatibility, and commercial availability. In this study, PEOs with various end groups were threaded into pillar[5]arene rings in a mixture of water and methanol to afford pseudopolyrotaxanes. Multiple hydrogen bonds between the pillar[5]arene rings and hydrophobic-hydrophilic interactions between the ethylene groups of the PEOs and the hydrophobic pillar[5]arenes are the driving forces to form the pseudopolyrotaxane structure. Corresponding polyrotaxanes were also constructed by capping COOH-terminated pseudopolyrotaxanes with bulky amines, in which multiple hydrogen bonds involving the pillar[5]arene OH groups were critically important to prevent de-threading. The number of threaded ring components could be rationally controlled in these materials, providing a simple and versatile method to tune the mechanical and thermal properties. Speci cally, a polyrotaxane with a high-molecular-weight axle became elastic upon heating above the melting point of PEOs and exhibited temperature-dependent shape memory property, because of the topological con nement and cross-linking by hydrogen bonds.

The semi-dry plasma and chemical hybrid process (PCHP) has been used for the simultaneous removal of NO x and SO x emitted from a glass melting furnace. In this study, PCHP was conducted through a laboratory-scale model experiment that simulated the aftertreatment system of a full-scale semi-dry glass bottle manufacturing system. The process consisted of two methods: the plasma process in which NO is oxidized using nonthermal plasma and the chemical process in which NO 2 produced from NO oxidation is removed using Na 2 SO 3 resulting from the reaction between SO 2 and NaOH. Herein, the position of ozone injection was transferred to the inside wall of the reactor to improve the efficiency of simultaneous denitrification and desulfurization through the efficient oxidation of NO. First, NO removal experiments were conducted by changing the spray position, spray liquid flow rate, and flow rate of a mixed simulated gas of NO and SO 2. Therefore, over the gas flow rate range from 5 to 15 L/min, the localized cooling area where NO and O 3 could be efficiently reacted at the nozzle spray position of z = 400 mm was formed. A NO x removal efficiency of 74% with a ratio of decreased NO to injected O 3 (ΔNO/O 3) of 88% and SO 2 removal efficiency of 100% were achieved by injecting O 3 from the inside wall of the reactor when the liquid-gas ratio was 1.17 L/m 3 .

Confined space provides a reaction platform with altered reaction rate and selectivity compared with a homogeneous solution. In this work, porous phenolic pillar[5]arene crystals were used as a reaction space to promote and perturb equilibrium between lactones and their corresponding polyesters. Immersion of porous pillar [5]arene crystals in liquid lactones induced ringopening polymerization of δ-valerolactone and ɛ-caprolactone at room temperature because the phenolic hydroxy groups have catalytic activity via hydrogen bonds and the pillar[5]arene cavities prefer linear guests. After the reaction, pillar[5]arene and polyesters formed pseudo-polyrotaxanes.

Poly(ethylene oxide)s (PEOs) are useful polymers with good water solubility, biological compatibility, and commercial availability. In this study, PEOs with various end groups were threaded into pillar[5]arene rings in a mixture of water and methanol to afford pseudopolyrotaxanes. Multiple hydrogen bonds between the pillar[5]arene rings and hydrophobic–hydrophilic interactions between the ethylene groups of the PEOs and the hydrophobic pillar[5]arenes are the driving forces to form the pseudopolyrotaxane structure. Corresponding polyrotaxanes were also constructed by capping COOH-terminated pseudopolyrotaxanes with bulky amines, in which multiple hydrogen bonds involving the pillar[5]arene OH groups were critically important to prevent de-threading. The number of threaded ring components could be rationally controlled in these materials, providing a simple and versatile method to tune the mechanical and thermal properties. Specifically, a polyrotaxane with a high-molecular-weight axle became elastic upon heating above the melting point of PEOs and exhibited temperature-dependent shape memory property, because of the topological confinement and cross-linking by hydrogen bonds.

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