No abstract

The increasing trend of larch forests burning in the permafrost zone (60–65° N, 95–105° E) is observed in Siberia. Up to 10–15% of entire larch forests were damaged by wildfire during the last two decades. Current research analysed the reflectance and thermal anomalies of the post-pyrogenic sites under the conditions of permafrost. Studies are based on a long-term Terra and Aqua/MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) survey for 2006–2018. We used IR thermal range data of 10.780–11.280 microns (MOD11A1 product) and we evaluated the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from MOD09GQ product as well. The averaged temperature and NDVI dynamics were investigated in total for 50 post-fire plots under different stages of succession (1, 2, 5 and 10 years after burning) in comparison with non-disturbed vegetation cover sites under the same conditions. We recorded higher temperatures (20–47% higher than average background value) and lower NDVI values (9–63% lower than non-disturbed vegetation cover) persisting for the first 10 years after the fire. Under conditions of natural restoration, thermal anomalies of the ground cover remained significant for more than 15 years, which was reflected in long-term satellite data and confirmed by ground-based measurements. To estimate the impact of thermal anomalies on soil temperature and thawed layer depth we used the Stefan’s solution for the thermal conductivity equation. According to the results of numerical simulation, depth of the seasonal thawed layer could increase more than 20% in comparison with the average statistical norm under the conditions of excessive heating of the underlying layers. This is a significant factor in the stability of Siberian permafrost ecosystems requiring long-term monitoring.

No abstract

The forests of the permafrost zone of Central Siberia are influenced by natural and anthropogenic factors. Using remote sensing data, disturbed areas of forest cover are detected in the IR range as an anomalies of the surface temperature, which are significant for a long time (~20 years). Long-term changes in the temperature balance of the surface affect both the state of the lower soil horizons and the dynamics of the seasonally thawed layer, and, therefore, can affect the variation in the water balance and groundwater runoff. For the area of interest, a trend is shown of ~20% increase in the total area of disturbances per last two decades. A correlation analysis between large-scale thermal anomalies of the underlying surface and the series of gravimetric data on Equivalent Water Height (EWH) parameter is performed for the territory of the two river basins of the Nizhnyaya Tunguska and Podkamennaya Tunguska (Central Siberia). As a first approximation we estimated the relationship between the forest and on-ground cover disturbance and thermal anomalies of the underlying surface, which affect the seasonal dynamics of groundwater.

No abstract