Background and Aims: This systematic review examined healthcare students' attitudes, knowledge, and skill in Artificial Intelligence (AI).Methods: On August 3, 2022, studies were retrieved from the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses recommendations were followed. We included crosssectional studies that examined healthcare students' knowledge, attitudes, skills, and perceptions of AI in this review. Using the eligibility requirements as a guide, titles and abstracts were screened. Complete texts were then retrieved and independently reviewed per the eligibility requirements. To collect data, a standardized form was used.Results: Of the 38 included studies, 29 (76%) of healthcare students had a positive and promising attitude towards AI in the clinical profession and its use in he future; however, in nine of the studies (24%), students considered AI a threat to healthcare fields and had a negative attitude towards it. Furthermore, 26 studies evaluated the knowledge of healthcare students about AI. Among these, 18 studies evaluated the level of student knowledge as low (50%). On the other hand, in six of the studies, students' high knowledge of AI was reported, and two of the studies reported average student general knowledge (almost 50%). Of the six studies, four (67%) of the students had very low skills, so they stated that they had never worked with AI. Conclusion:Evidence from this review shows that healthcare students had a positive and promising attitude towards AI in medicine; however, most students had low knowledge and limited skills in working with AI. Face-to-face instruction, training manuals, and detailed instructions are therefore crucial for implementing and comprehending how AI technology works and raising students' knowledge of the advantages of AI.

Background and Aims The success of every new technology depends on numerous factors, including specialists' knowledge and perceptions of the concept, acquired attitude skills, and work environments. This systematic review aimed to examine medical students' knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of telemedicine. Methods Studies were obtained from the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases on June 9, 2022. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. Cross‐sectional studies that examined medical students' knowledge, attitude, and perceptions of telemedicine approaches were considered inclusion criteria. Titles and abstracts were independently screened based on eligibility criteria. Articles that did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded from this review. After that, the complete texts were retrieved and screened by two separate researchers based on the eligibility criteria. Disputes were resolved by discussion. The same checklist was used for data extraction. To assess the quality of the studies entering this study, the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for analytical cross‐sectional studies was used. Results In total, 10 eligible articles were found through this review. The sample size of the studies ranged from 60 to 3312 participants, or 6172 participants on the whole. The medical students' attitudes toward telemedicine were evaluated in eight included studies. Many of these studies (seven cases) reported positive and promising perspectives on telemedicine. However, in one study, participants revealed moderate attitudes toward online health information and online health experience sharing ( p < 0.05). Students' knowledge of the telemedicine approach was evaluated in eight included studies. Many of these studies (five cases) reported that students possessed an extensively poor knowledge of telemedicine's uses. In three other studies, two reported moderate and one disclosed desirable levels of students' knowledge. All the included studies attributed medical students' poor knowledge to the lack of, and thus failure of, educational courses in this field. Conclusion The evidence obtained from this review reveals that medical students possess positive and promising attitudes toward telemedicine technology for education, treatment, and care. However, their knowledge levels were extremely insufficient, and many had not passed any educational courses in this respect. Such results can foreground the health and education policymakers' obligations for planning, training, and empowering digital health and telemedicine literacy among medical students as the primary players in social health.

Introduction: Physical activity is a promising strategy to maintain the benefits gained after completing conventional pulmonary rehabilitation in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Proponents of tele-rehabilitation and physiotherapy see the use of communication and information technologies as a way to increase access and increase care continuity. Therefore, the purpose of this study is a systematic review of randomized clinical trial and randomized controlled trials to investigate the effect of tele-rehabilitation on improving the physical activity of patients with COPD.Method: A systematic review was conducted in randomized controlled clinical trial studies without time limit by searching for keywords in the title, abstract and study keywords in the valid scientific databases Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed on October 20, 2021. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)checklist; Studies with a score above 7 were analyzed. This study was conducted according to the Preferred reporting Items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis(PRISMA).Results: A total of 83 articles were identified after removing duplicates. After screening the full text of the articles, 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies were classified into two categories: randomized trial (6.10, 60%) and randomized clinical trial (4.10, 40%). Input studies included 979 participants. The duration of intervention in each study ranged from 8 weeks to 18 months. The technologies used included video conferencing (1.10, 10%), cloud-based platform (1.10, 10%), mobile application (1.10, 10%) and telephone calls (6.10, 60%). In (6.10, 60%) of the studies, tele-rehabilitation interventions had similar improvements in both control (face-to-face) and intervention (tele- technology) groups. However, in (4.10, 40%) of the studies, the intervention group reported a significant improvement compared to the control group.Conclusion: The results of the present systematic review showed that although in most studies tele-rehabilitation interventions have the same results as traditional interventions, a well-designed tele-rehabilitation program to improve the physical activity of patients with COPD can supplement or replace the program. It is a traditional rehabilitation and improves the patient's health.

Introduction: Many children may experience anxiety in treatment settings, especially in situations such as before surgery, dentistry and radiology. Virtual reality technology can provide a platform for reducing children's anxiety by creating a sense of presence in an unreal world. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of virtual reality technology on reducing anxiety in children.Materials and Methods: A systematic review of randomized clinical trial studies was conducted in English without any time limit by searching for keywords in the reputable scientific databases PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE and Web of Science on September 12, 2021. Studies using virtual reality technology to reduce pediatric treatment anxiety were considered as inclusion criteria. Titles and abstracts were screened independently based on eligibility criteria. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs institute (JBI) checklist. Studies that scored above 7 were included in this study.Results: A total of 197 related articles were obtained, 10 of which were relevant to the objectives of the research.  Input studies included children aged 4 to 12 years. In 7 studies, virtual reality has helped reduce children's anxiety during treatment (70%). In 3 of the studied studies, no improvement was seen in reducing children's anxiety (30%). In 7 of the studies found, children and parents were completely satisfied with the use of virtual reality.Conclusion: The results of systematic review show that virtual reality can make the treatment process more satisfactory and help manage their behavior by creating calmness and distraction, while reducing anxiety in children.

Introduction: Cancer is an incurable disease that affects people regardless of age, sex, race and social, economic and cultural status. Most cancer patients are treated with a combination of treatments based on the type of tumor, the extent of the disease, and their physical condition. Self-management programs empower people to deal with illness and improve their quality of life. Telemedicine in the form of mobile applications, websites and social networks is one of the effective tools to achieve this goal. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of telemedicine and social media on self-care of cancer patients.Method: English related articles were searched based on keywords in the title and abstract using PubMed and Scopus databases (from 1963 to December 2020). Keywords included telemedicine, social networking, self-care and m-health. Inclusion criteria included all studies published in English that examined the impact of telemedicine and social media on cancer patients' self-care. Review articles and non-intervention articles were excluded from the study.Results: A total of 516 articles were selected by title. After reviewing the abstract, 80 articles remained to be reviewed. After evaluating the full text of these articles, 9 eligible articles were selected for final review. In terms of the type of cancer among these studies, prostate cancer had the largest share (33%). In line with the main purpose of this study, in 7 articles (77.8%) telemedicine had a significant positive effect on self-care of cancer patients and increased self-care. In one article (11.1%) this effect was negative and reduced self-care. In 1 article (11.1%) no effect was observed.Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, it seems that web-based interventions and mobile health in most articles have been effective in increasing patients' self-care. However, due to the increasing number of cancers as well as the increasing use of telemedicine in the field of chronic diseases and cancer, the need for further studies is felt in this field.