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Objective Recent studies have demonstrated the pro‐tumour role of CD36 in multiple cancer types. However, its role has not been well elucidated in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Here, we aimed to evaluate the role of CD36 in proliferation and migration of OSCC cells. Methods Human OSCC cell lines HSC‐2, HSC‐3, HSC‐4 and Ca9‐22 were assessed for proliferation by staining with the cell proliferation marker Ki‐67. We also assessed migration activity, and the expression of cell adhesion molecules such as E‐cadherin and β‐catenin and platelet‐derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs) of CD36‐positive cells. Results CD36‐positive cells showed increased expression of Ki‐67 and migration activity compared with CD36‐negative cells. Moreover, CD36‐positive cells showed reduced expression of E‐cadherin and β‐catenin, whereas the expression of PDGFRs increased compared with that in CD36‐negative cells. Conclusions Our results strongly suggest that CD36 has an important role in facilitating the proliferation and migration activity of OSCC cells, indicating its usefulness in the diagnosis of high‐grade tumour and targeted therapy of oral cancer.

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ObjectiveSurgical intervention can result in complete seizure remission rates of up to 80% in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (TLE-HS). However, certain patients cannot be treated surgically for various reasons. We analyzed the very long-term clinical outcomes of patients with TLE-HS who could not be treated surgically.MethodsSubjects were selected from among patients with TLE-HS who were actively followed up for >10 years and treated with medication without surgical treatment. Patient medical records were used to retrospectively study seizure frequency, various clinical factors, and social adjustment. Patients who were seizure-free or had only aura were classified into Group 1; the others were classified into Group 2. Clinical factors including both patient and disease-specific factors were compared between the two groups. Current social adjustment, including the education, work, and economic status of each patient, was also investigated.ResultsForty-one (41) subjects met the criteria for analysis, of which 12 (29%) were classified into Group 1. The average age of patients in Group 1 was higher than that of Group 2 (p = 0.0468). Group 2 included a significantly higher rate of patients who had more than one seizure per week at the onset (p = 0.0328), as well as a greater mean number of anti-epileptic drugs taken (p = 0.0024). Regarding social adjustment, Group 2 contained significantly fewer current jobholders than Group 1 (p = 0.0288).ConclusionsAfter very long-term follow-up periods, 29% of patients with TLE-HS had a good outcome through treatment with anticonvulsant medications. Older patients tended to have fewer seizures, and seizure frequency at the onset was the only factor that predicted outcome.

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