Background: The Green Light Laser HPS 120W is a widely used procedure nowadays. The latest machines offer major improvements on the first prototypes in terms of speed, efficiency, safety and total PSA and f/t PSA ratio changes postoperatively in BPH patients after using GREENLIGHT HPS 120W. Objectives: The objective of this study was to analyse the safety, and efficacy of the new technology, the HPS-120W Green Light Laser in the management of patients who were symptomatic because of BPH postoperatively Patients and methods: A total of 38 patients who underwent the Green Light Laser PVP at our institution were studied. Serum prostrate-specific antigen level changes were observed postoperatively after 1 month. Results:The average age of the patients was 63.93 years, range 58-72. The Total average IPSS score was 21.88, range of 18-27. The average PSA level of patients in our study after 1month was 2.25ng/dl and prostate size of 65.82ml. An average IPSS score measured after 1 month of surgery was 10.05 with a range of 7-13, drop in IPSS score was 11.83 (21.88-10.05) while the average PVR measured after 1 month of surgery was 29.82ml with a range of 18-45ml and average Q max measured after 1 month of surgery was 20.55ml/s with a range of 17.8-24.7ml/s, an increase in Q max was 12.56ml/s (20.55-7.99). Conclusions: Our study shows that the Green Light HPS 120W Laser is safe and efficacious for the management of BPH.

Objectives: The Ayurvedic concept of the constitution is useful in predicting an individual’s susceptibility to age-related diseases like Cataracts (Kaphaja Linganasha). The objectives of the study were to assess DNA damage directly in human lens epithelial cells (HLEC) of senile cataracts of Vata Predominant, Pitta Predominant, and Kapha Predominant Prakriti individuals. Methods: After obtaining Institutional Ethics Committee permission, HLEC were taken from 20 Vatta Predominant,20 Pitta Predominant and 20 Kapha Predominant Prakriti individuals of cataract after cataract surgery and from 4 controls in which quantitative assessment of DNA damage were measured using CometScore™ software. The formation of “comets” in the DNA of lens epithelial cells can be visualized through the method of single gel electrophoresis and indicates DNA strand breaks, as the damaged DNA migrates at a different rate than non-damaged DNA during electrophoresis. Results: No such prominent comets were indicating any DNA damage in the HLEC of the four control subjects, but comets were found in cataractous HLEC. The maximal damage was found in pitta-predominant Prakriti Individuals. In senile cataract patients, in HLECs DNA was randomly damaged and this type of damage was possible by reactive oxygen species. The DNA damage in HLEC was found maximally in pitta Predominant Prakriti individuals of senile type of cataract patients. Statistical significance was observed between senile cataracts in pitta predominant Prakriti versus senile cataracts in Vata predominant Prakriti individuals and between senile cataracts in Vata predominant Prakriti versus senile cataracts in Kapha Prakriti individual. No statistically significant results were obtained for senile cataracts in pitta Prakriti versus senile cataracts in Kapha Prakriti individuals. Conclusion: The pathogenesis of senile cataracts is multifactorial and includes continuous molecular stress brought by photo-oxidative stress, UV irradiation, and oxidative reactions.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the severity of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage in lens epithelial cells (LECs) of senile cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular cataracts. Methods: LECs were obtained from senile cortical, nuclear, and subcapsular types of cataracts after surgery. DNA damage in the cells was immediately assessed quantitatively using the CometScore™ software. Results: Comets were found in cataractous LECs. The formation of “comets” in the DNA of LECs can be visualized using single-cell gel electrophoresis and indicates DNA strand breaks because the damaged DNA migrates at a different rate than the nondamaged DNA. Maximal damage was observed in Grade 3 cortical, nuclear, and subcapsular forms of cataracts. Statistically significant DNA damage was seen between grades 1 and 3 of cortical type of cataract, grades 1 and 3 of nuclear type of cataract, and grades 2 and 3 and grades 1 and 3 of posterior subcapsular type of cataract. Conclusion: In patients with senile cataract, DNA of LECs was randomly damaged, and this type of damage was possibly caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Maximum DNA damage was found in patients with Grade 3 senile cortical, nuclear, and subcapsular type cataracts. The pathogenesis of senile cataracts is multifactorial and includes continuous molecular stress resulting from photooxidative stress, UV irradiation, and oxidative reactions.

Chyle consists of lymph and emulsified fats absorbed from the intestine after digestion and absorption. Patients are often found of chyluria in endemic parts of Africa, India and southern Asia It is caused by the parasitic filarial nematode Wuchereria bancrofti (W. bancrofti). We often receive body fluids mixed with chyle eg. chyluria, chylothorax, chyloperitonium etc. in laboratory for confirmation. Well established biochemical method is there, but it demands expertise and time. To establish a simple method to confirm chyle in biological fluid .Equal volume of suspected chyle sample and ether are mixed by vigorous shaking and standing for 5 minutes, a white band appears at the junctions of two liquids. Sample taken from white band and observed under microscope. Round retractile globules can be seen. Utility of our method is that it does not demand too much of expertise, very short procedure and this method can be used in field where filariasis is endemic.