Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are clinical manifestations of disorders causing pain and dysfunction in the Temporomandibular Joints (TMJs) and masticatory muscles. TMJ abnormalities cannot be reliably assessed by a clinical examination.Radiographic examination forms an integral component for the routine assessment in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders. Latest imaging modality is making life easy for those clinicians who must evaluate the hard and the soft tissue of the temporomandibular joint complex in patients with TMD's. Conventional radiographic TMJ projections like transpharyngeal, transcranial, panoramic radiograph, conventional tomographic sections of TMJ may be adequate in number of clinical situations but there are bony alterations that occur in these disorders like erosions, osteophytes, pneumatisation of articular eminence that are difficult to be detected in the conventional radiographs due to overlapping of anatomical structures. So the advanced imaging techniques such as MRI, Ultrasonography, CBCT are required for the understanding of diseases of Temporomandibular Joint. This paper aims to cover all the latest imaging modalities that can be helpful in the diagnosis of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders.
Introduction- COVID-19 disease has been associated with pro thrombotic state and endothelial damage resulting into
thromboembolic events ranging from venous thrombosis of lower limbs to pulmonary thrombo-embolism and
subsequently pulmonary infarctions.Computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) was the standard of care
at our institute for evaluation of patients with suspected pulmonary embolism. It plays a key role in its confirmatory
diagnosis,defining its extent and thereby helping in better management.
Materials and Methods-A Retrospective study was done in Sri Aurobindo Medical College and Post graduate Institute,
Indore,Madhya Pradesh,India and was approved by the hospital ethical committee.The study was done on 300 COVID19 patients with clinically suspected pulmonary thromboembolism who underwent CTPA between the months of
January 2021 and October 2021.The scans were analysed by experienced radiologists.
Results- Through our study we found that approx.13.7% patients had pulmonary thromboembolism and it was seen in
patients with moderate to severe lung involvement.
Conclusion- Through this study we have tried to assess the presence pulmonary thromboembolism using CTPA and
have also tried to establish its relationship with percentage of lung involvement on CT.
Aims and Objectives - To assess for the presence of acute pulmonary thromboembolism in COVID 19 patients using
CTPA and to establish its relationship with severity of lung involvement on CT in a single institute in Central India during
a span of six months.
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