Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a technique used to treat mental illnesses by applying electric current through the brain to induce convulsions. Stigmatized views regarding ECT also present among health care professionals which influences their decision in patient's future treatment. Aim: to assess knowledge and attitude of medical students regarding ECT. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 180 medical students. Non-psychiatric clinician's knowledge about and attitudes towards ECT was used to assess the association among various factors. Results: Negative attitudes like ECT causes pain to the patients (n=116), is cruel (n=40), used for punishment of violent patients(n=45) and misused by psychiatrists (n=47) were more prevalent and also significantly co-related with Unwillingness to receive ECT if indicated. Conclusion:Results of the study suggests that Most of the knowledge was obtained from mass media and rather than demonstration of ECT, hence negative attitudes were more prevalent.

Background: Hemodialysis (HD) is associated with organic difficulties and also causes changes in psychological status of patients. Depression is the most common and probably the most important psychopathological complication in in hemodialysis patients. Hopelessness was reported as the aggravating factor of depression. Suicide is established as prevalent mental health problems in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Aim: To assess depression, hopelessness and risk of suicide in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 50 hemodialysis patients at tertiary care hospital in India. Scales like Patients health questionnaire-9(PHQ-9), Beck's hopelessness scale (BHS) and Columbiasuicide severity rating scale(C-SSRS) were used to assess depression, hopelessness and risk of suicide. Result: Out of 50 patients, 38(76%) showed depression, 40(80%) showed hopelessness and 4(8%) showed risk of suicide. There is a significant correlation between sessions of hemodialysis with depression (p value=<0.05 ** ) and hopelessness (p value=<0.05 ** ). There is significant correlation between Depression and hopelessness in hemodialysis patients. (p value=<0.05 ** ). Conclusion:The results from this study suggest that patients who have less sessions of dialysis showed more depression and hopelessness than the patients having more sessions of dialysis. This is may be due to adaptation with hemodialysis procedure in patient's lifestyle as the number of sessions increases. And in this study depression is strongly associated with hopelessness and well explained by hopelessness

Backgound : [1] Anxiety is a response to a threat, cancer is threatening, and so many patients are anxious .Also, during the course of treatment a patient might sometimes learn, that their treatment has failed or that the disease has recurred. Such situation are often met with disbelief and denial, followed by mixed symptoms of anxiety and depression. Aim :Aim of the study is to assess anxiety among cancer patients . To compare anxiety symtpoms between patients of chemotherapy and radiotherapy . Method : Patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy were assessed using HADS-Ascale to screen for anxiety . HADS-Ascores among patients of chemotherapy and radiotherapy were compared. Result : 39% of patients had signicant score on HADS-A, suggestive of depression. No stastiticaly signicant difference among HADS-Ascores of patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy was found. Conclusion : Anxiety is highly prevalent among cancer patients. Timely identication and treatment can lead to better outcomes in terms of quality of life and survivability