Earth-abundant and water-tolerant manganese(i) catalyzed alkenylation of 2-arylindazole with alkyl and aryl alkynes through C–H bond activation is described with a unique level of E-selectivity.

Background: Availability of soil moisture is a serious bottleneck for successful growing of post monsoon crops in red and lateritic soil. Hence, soil moisture conservation is crucial for post monsoon crops. In this aspect using mulches for conservation of moisture and optimum depth of sowing for proper germination and seedling emergence are important crop management practices in red and lateritic soil. Methods: The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three depths of sowing as main-plot treatments and four mulching practices as subplot treatments replicated thrice. Measured growth parameters were plant height (cm), number of branches plant-1, dry matter accumulation (g m-2) and leaf area index (LAI); yield attributes such as effective branches m-2, number of mature pods branch-1, number of seeds pod-1 and seed index; grain and stalk yield. Economics of cultivation was assessed in terms of cost of cultivation, gross and net return and net return per invested. Result: Chickpea sown planted at 7.5 cm depth of sowing recorded maximum yield, consumptive water use efficiency and profitability. Application of 7.5 t ha-1 straw mulch registered significantly higher yield of chickpea, consumptive water use efficiency and profitability.

A manganese-catalyzed directed CÀ H allylation of 2-arylindazole has been developed. Both vinyl cyclic carbonate and diallyl carbonate are effectively used for ortho-allylation via decarboxylation. The mechanism was investigated and possibly Mn(I)-catalyzed CÀ H bond activation is not involved in the rate-determining step.

A Cu(I)-catalyzed 1,3 oxo alkylation of indazole has been developed for constructing N-1alkylated indazolone derivatives. This cascade reaction involves the formation of CÀ N and CÀ O bonds through the sequential functionalization of N1 and C3 positions of indazole in 41-89% yields. The photo-physical studies of the synthesized compounds showed efficient quantum yields with high Stoke shift values. The preliminary experimental results suggest an aerobic manifold of the present protocol through single electron transfer.

An efficient, metal-free, and direct oxidative amination of aldehyde-derived hydrazones with azoles has been developed using 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone as an organocatalyst at ambient temperature. This protocol provides a wide range of aminated hydrazone derivatives in a step and atom economical fashion. The reaction possibly follows a radical mechanism.