This research presents the combustion test of Kanchanaburi’s residue waste used in an 80kW updraft gasifier as biomass fuel. Three types of selected biomass were considered: corncob, bagasee, and straw. The 80kW updraft gasifier was designed, fabricated, and experimentally studied. In the gasifier, a variable speed centrifugal fan acted as a forced convection unit, which was installed near the combustion chamber and transferred air volume to the updraft gasifier stove. The experimental results show the temperature in each zone of the thermochemical processes. The gasifier was evaluated by comparing the performance of the 3 different biomass fuels. The average producer gas from the burning of corncob, bagasee, and straw was 2.31m3/kg, 2.15m3/kg, and 2.11m3/kg respectively in the updraft gasifier. The recorded stove running times (h) for were 1.24, 1.2 and 1.05, respectively. The producer gas can be used to run a local cooking stove kiln with at normal rated heat generation successfully.

A paddy solar tunnel dryer was designed, constructed and fabricated with a 2.112 m2 flat plate collector with drying chamber volume of 0.113 m3, this design was improved to satisfy the drying desires of small farmers. The collector-dryer system has been equipped with data acquisition system to evaluate the performance, such as a data logger, K-type thermocouples, and air velocity measuring equipment. No load tests on the dryer; with 1000 cfm (DC) driven fans have been conducted. The performance of the dryer during drying of paddy has also been analyzed for the two configurations. The results, shown by plotting the variation of air temperature, moisture content indicated that the dryer performs better with DC driven fans, as they considerably reduce the fluctuations in the drying air temperature with fluctuating solar radiation. The moisture content reduced from 49.96 to 17.64 MC (% w.b.) in 6 hours. The average drying temperature was 67.75 °C. The heated air was approximately 344.47 W, with the incoming heat in the solar tunnel dryer of 1738.34 W. The thermal efficiency of a solar tunnel dryer was on the average of 22.72%.

This paper presents the design, build and performance test of a solar tunnel dryer combined heat with a parabolic trough for paddy drying. A 2.27 m² parabolic trough stainless steel made with a single-axis solar tracking system produced hot water and delivered to the cross flow heat exchanger equipped with a solar tunnel dryer with the size of flat plate collector of 2.112 m2. The system received solar radiation and reflected sunlight to the receiver at the focal point of a parabolic trough. At this point, a copper heat pipe with the inside diameter of 25.4 mm for water heating is placed. A parabolic trough is covered with plastic sheets for protecting the wind in order to prevent the heat loss by convection. The produced hot water is used to warm the air and is sent to the heat exchanger and the blower passes hot air through the drying chamber of solar tunnel to dry paddy. The average drying temperature was 57.73 °C. The paddy moisture content was assessed in a reduction from 49.96 to 15.61 MC (% d.b.) in 6 hours. The heated air was around 245.87 W, with the incoming heat in the solar tunnel dryer of 1271.84 W. The thermal efficiency of a solar tunnel dryer, a parabolic trough, and the overall efficiency were on the average of 28.31%, 8.73%, and 3.80%, respectively.

Abstract. This paper presents the RD31 rice grain physical and chemical analysis from paddy drying by using a solar tunnel dryer. RD31 paddy was dried in a compact solar tunnel dryer, with a drying chamber volume in the size of 0.113 m 3 and 2.112 m 2 flat plate collectors. The experiment was performed on May 15, 2014 at Faculty of Industrial Technology Vallaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University Pathum Tani Thailand. The samples for testing were three varieties of Thai rice namely RD31 (from the farm), RD31 (dried in a solar tunnel dryer), and Prathum Tani 1 (from the market). The test consists of RD 31 dried by a solar tunnel dryer; the moisture content was reduced to about 14 wt. %. Then 3 varieties of rice were milled and sent to the laboratory for analyzing physical and chemical properties, repeated 3 times. The results showed that the average drying temperature was 67.75 qC. The paddy moisture reduction content was estimated from 49.96 to 14.64 MC (% w.b.) within 6 hours. All dimensions of RD31, dried by using solar tunnel dryer milled rice were closely related to those of the Prathum Tani 1, purchased from the market. The ratio of length to width of 3 samples: RD31 (raw rice), RD31 (dried in solar tunnel dryer), and Prathum Tani 1 (from the market) were 3.54, 3.47, and 3.44, respectively. 3 rice grain varieties were slender. The yield percentage was 60%, 75 %, and 70 %, respectively. Results from chemical test showed that the alkaline spreading value were 4-5, 3, and 2, respectively. The quality of the RD31 rice grain dried in a solar tunnel dryer passed the Thailand Ministry of Agriculture rice quality standard

Abstract. The purpose of this study is to study the characteristics of cement mixes and to find out the right qualities according to Mortar Cement in terms of flow formation period and compressive strength. From the experimental result, we found that the best formulation is Mortar Cement A1, which has the highest characteristics in every property. From this study Molar cement, a material in the pozzolanic group, it is suitable for production and development in repairing old buildings or historic site. Mortar Concrete has less expansion, but high density of water slow rate ofdevelopment due to slow reaction with water. However, the compressive strength in the back is the same, the old work with the repair parts do not crack because of the surface tension, the material affected by rapid dehydration.