This article raises the question of whether the traditional approach in intercultural training focusing on knowledge about cultural differences and skills to avoid culture clash is sufficient in order to prepare intercultural communication trainees for dynamic and psychologically demanding multicultural environments. Inspired by the concept of mentalizing in the psycho-therapeutic method called Mentalization-based treatment, training that encourages imaginatively "seeing the other from the inside and oneself from the outside" is suggested as better able to prepare for complex intercultural realities. Tolerance is seen as tolerance for being in the intercultural process as much as tolerance for others' differences. A theoretical discussion between the notion of mentalizing in mentalization-based treatment and perceptions of empathy, imagination and mindfulness further provides insight into the role of interactive tools such as case work and role plays in intercultural training. These, in turn, are seen as best suited to fulfil the goals and ambitions of the theories. However, experiences gained from them must be verbalized in order to cause increased awareness.

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Homogeneous, nonrotating flow over a backward-facing rounded step is simulated using the 2D vertical version of two general circulation models, a z-coordinate model-the Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model (MITgcm)-and a σ -coordinate model-the Bergen Ocean Model (BOM). The backward-facing step is a well-known testcase since it is geometrically simple but still embodies important flow characteristics such as separation point, reattachment length, and recirculation of the flow. The study compares the core of the two models and uses constant eddy viscosities and diffusivities. The Reynolds numbers ranges from 2·10 2 to 2·10 6 . The results correspond with previously published results having a relatively stationary separation point and a fluctuating reattachment length due to downslope propagating eddies released from the reattachment zone for Reynolds numbers higher than or equal to 2 · 10 4 . For Reynolds number within the laminar regime, the flow is stationary. The discrepancies between the models increase by enhancing Reynolds numbers. The σ -coordinate model experiences a reduction in eddy sizes with increasing resolution and Reynolds numbers in correspondence with published experiments, while the size of the eddies are independent of the Reynolds number using the MITgcm. Due to mixing generated by the staircase topography, the z-coordinate model gives a better convergence of the separation point and reattachment length compared with the BOM; however, this conclusion might change with the inclusion of a relevant turbulence scheme.

The main focus of this thesis is the effect of topographic features on the transport of tracers in the bottom boundary layer. The thesis covers two specific studies; transport of CO 2 which is directly introduced into the deep ocean and transport of passive food particles to cold-water corals. The study is performed using Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes Models (RANS) on a relative small scale with horizontal grid sizes ranging from 75 meter to approximately 1 meter. A general background for the study is given in Part I, and Part II consists of the four included papers. Papers included in this thesis The following papers are included in this thesis; Paper A: Dissolution of a CO 2 lake, modeled by using an advanced vertical turbulence mixing scheme, L.

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