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The authors examined the relationship between source-country gender roles and the gender division of paid and unpaid labor within immigrant families in the host society. Results from Canadian Census of Population (N = 497,973) data show that the 2 indicators of source-country gender roles examined-female/male labor activity ratio and female/male secondary education ratio-are both positively associated with immigrant wives' share in their family labor supply and negatively associated with their share in housework. The association between source-country gender roles and women's share in couples' labor activities weakens over time. Moreover, the relationship between sourcecountry female/male labor activity and immigrant couples' gender division of labor is reduced when immigrant women have nonimmigrant husbands, indicating that husband's immigration status matters.The gendered division of labor has received significant attention from social scientists. Studies that examine the determinants of women's paid and unpaid labor activities typically center on individual-or couple-level factors, investigating how household decisions are influenced by socioeconomic circumstances or power dynamics between spouses. Other researchers focus on

This study employs longitudinal data to examine the rate at which recent immigrants to Canada obtain employment matching their previous or intended occupations. Socio-demographic factors such as visible minority status and area of residence are found to influence the rate at which this cohort of immigrants obtains job matches. Human capital factors also have a significant impact. An examination of occupational characteristics reveals that immigrants who seek high-status occupations obtain job matches at slower rates than those seeking lower-status occupations.

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Although over-education was negatively associated with immigrants' life satisfaction, it had a stronger influence on the non-immigrant population. This may be due to differences in the reference groups to which immigrants and non-immigrants compare themselves when assessing their life satisfaction; over-education may be less influential to immigrants' life satisfaction because it is a common experience among immigrants. Additionally, over-education is less detrimental to immigrants' life satisfaction with increased time in the host country. This may be attributable to a shift in the importance immigrants assign to the employment domain of their life over time.