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Please use the following format when citing the article: Ruzgas V., Liatukas Ž., Razbadauskienė K., Koppel R., Brazauskas G. 2017. The new winter wheat cultivars 'Kena DS', 'Gaja DS','Sedula DS' and 'Herkus DS' for increased yield stability. Zemdirbyste-Agriculture, 104 (4): 291-298 DOI 10.13080/z-a.2017.104.037 ISSN 1392-3196 / e-ISSN 2335-8947 Zemdirbyste-Agriculture, vol. 104, No. 4 (2017), p. 291-298 DOI 10.13080/z-a.2017 The new winter wheat cultivars 'Kena DS', 'Gaja DS', 'Sedula DS' and 'Herkus DS' for increased yield stability AbstractThe new cultivars of winter wheat 'Kena DS', 'Gaja DS', 'Sedula DS' and 'Herkus DS' were developed at Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry. The cultivars are well adapted to the temperate climate conditions with occasionally low temperatures in the winter season. The mean winter hardiness of the cultivars was evaluated by 7.8, 7.3, 8.2 and 7.3 scores, respectively and surpassed the well adapted and previously widely grown check cultivar 'Zentos' (6.8 scores). The cultivars exhibit good resistance to sprouting in ears, which is important in regions with high humidity during the harvesting period. They can be grown under sustainable and high input growing conditions. The mean grain yield of cultivars 'Kena DS', 'Sedula DS', 'Gaja DS' and 'Herkus DS' in high input fields during 2011-2016 was 8.7, 8.6, 9.9 and 9.1 t ha -1 , respectively. The grain yield of the high yielding check cultivar 'Skagen' was 8.6 t ha -1 . The mean protein content of cultivars 'Kena DS', 'Sedula DS', 'Gaja DS' and 'Herkus DS' was 14.3, 13.3, 13.6 and 13.3 %, sedimentation value -61.2, 49.2, 34.5 and 49.3 ml, respectively. The dough stability of the new cultivars determined by a Brabender's pharinograph was 12.7, 6.0, 7.3 and 6.9 min, volume of bread baked from 300 g of flour was 1600, 1650, 1700 and 1520 cm 3 , respectively. The total baking value index of the cultivars 'Kena DS', 'Sedula DS', 'Gaja DS and 'Herkus DS' was evaluated by 700, 725, 750 and 660 scores respectively, where the excellent bread-making cultivar 'Ada' attained 670 scores. The new cultivars exhibit good resistance to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis DC), acceptable resistance to tan spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis Died.), take-all (Gauemanomyces graminis Sacc.), Septoria glume blotch (Phaeosphaeria nodorum E. Müll) and Septoria leaf blotch (Zymoseptoria tritici (Desm.) The cultivars are included in the Lithuanian National List of Plant Varieties and EC Common Catalogue of Cultivars of Agricultural Plant Species.

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the physiological traits, productivity, and seed quality of nine faba bean varieties grown in a field trial under the Boreal climate conditions. A two-factor field experiment was laid out in a split-plot design: The seeds in the main plots were sown and treated with seed fungicide (SF) and untreated (without SF) (factor A). The sub-plots were assigned to nine varieties (factor B). The physiological traits of faba bean significantly varied among the varieties, and the behavior of faba bean varieties differed between the two growing seasons. The values of physiological traits for varieties Julia and Boxer significantly surpassed the trial mean under wet conditions, while the trait values for Fuego and Bioro were surpassed under conditions of a lack of moisture. Fungicidal seed treatment had a negligible effect on the physiological traits, while it had a significant negative influence on the leaf area index at the beginning of the flowering stage. SF had a noticeable effect on seed yield only for the varieties Nida DS and Fuego. The findings of the study revealed that Fuego and Isabell were the most suitable faba bean varieties for cultivation in the Boreal climate zone as they were distinguished from the other tested ones by the highest seed yields.

The benefits of cereal-legume mixed cropping is a sustainable agricultural practice. However, knowledge of the genotypic differences of semi-leafless pea varieties is not enough to help them compete with cereals. In this study, the effects of Lithuania’s newest Pisum sativum cultivars (‘Egle DS’ and ‘Lina DS’) and, for comparison, a control cultivar (‘Jūra DS’) established with Avena sativa in mixed cropping system were investigated. Three years of field trials (2018, 2019 and 2020) with four experiments involved three different mixtures of each field pea cultivar with oat. The aboveground biomass of mixed cropped new field pea cultivars was found to be significantly higher: biomass of cultivars ‘Egle DS’ increased by 17.0% and ‘Lina DS’ by 7.2% on average compared with the control cultivar ‘Jūra DS’. For the mixed cropping system, statistically greater total aboveground biomass was observed with plant ratios of 50% pea + 50% oat and 60% pea + 40% oat compared to peas monocultures. Mixed cropped oat was the dominant species in all tested mixture compositions; however, the highest total grain yield of mixed crops was obtained when new pea ‘Lina DS’ and ‘Egle DS’ cultivars were included in the mixtures compared with the control cultivar. The new pea cultivar ‘Egle DS’ had a greater effect on protein content compared to other tested pea cultivars. In the new pea cultivars ‘Lina DS’ and ‘Egle DS’, the higher photosynthetic capacity and aboveground biomass of mixed cropped pea with oat showed mixture effects in the mixed cropped system and could increase total yield compared with pea monoculture. Generally, the new pea cultivars displayed a greater Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) value, resulting in the greatest yield among the mixtures on average for all three years and all four experiments. Future research could optimize the effects of pea cultivar mixtures with cereals to further improve the yield of organic mixed cropping systems.