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As evidenced by specific structural and textural features, the quartz rock from Wądroże Wielkie is represented by four basic petrographic types: (1) inequicrystalline quartz rock, (2) finely crystalline porous rock with large quartz crystals, (2) vein quartz in macrocrystalline intergrowths, and (4) vein quartz in heterogranular intergrowths. A common feature of all types of quartz rock is a multistage development. It is visible on the growing succeeding quartz generations on the older crystals and their fragments and in the fills of different kinds of fissures by the younger quartz. The metasomatic origin of the quartz rock is manifested in different ways. Small calcite inclusions in the quartz are common, accompanied by fine quartz, sericite and relics of earlier quartz mineralization. The origin of the quartz rock is related to the circulation of hydrothermal solutions and their metasomatic effect on the pre-existing rocks.

Natural crude oil seeps are fairly common in SE Poland, especially in areas of exposure of the Carpathians Flysch series. The first records of such seeps may be traced back to the first half of the sixteenth century. Some remarks on the occurrences and usability of so-called rock oil may be found in the works of Kluk, Staszic and Zejszner, and descriptions of simple hand-dug pits for collecting this oil – already operating at the end of the eighteenth century – in a book by Hacquet. Rapid development of the oil industry in Poland was triggered by the discovery of a method of distillation of kerosene from seep-oil and by the invention of an effective modern kerosene lamp by Ignacy Łukasiewicz in 1853. When the first oil well was drilled at Titusville (Pennsylvania) in 1859, several dozen wells were already producing oil in the Carpathians. Oil prospecting and production were initially concentrated in the region of Gorlice, Jasło and Krosno, but shifted eastwards after the discovery of large oil fields in Schodnica and Borysław. Drilling operations in the latter area were conducted by Długosz. Polish oil geologists at the turn of the nineteenth century included Zuber, Szajnocha, Grzybowski and Tołwiński, who were the leading world authorities in this field.

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By the means of the technique of the Raman microspectrometry, the complex history of the Earth can be better understood. That is why the Raman spectra determinations are the object of interest in the present paper. The examples of such experiments are presented based on the analyses performed in last years in different scientific centers (Potsdam, Banská Bystrica, Budapest). The identification of inclusion content is shown and the conclusions are drawn for fluid inclusions in some quartz samples from two different localities in Poland – in the Carpathians and in the Fore-Sudetic Block. The implications of the Raman analyses are discussed. It results from the Raman analyses performed that not fluorescing, gas-filled bubbles of huge fluid inclusions from the Jabłonki and Rabe vicinity (the tectonic mélange zone in the Carpathians) have the complex composition of CH4, CO2 and N2 in different mutual proportions dependent on the sample and locality. In another place, despite the fluorescing background, only methane has been identified by Raman spectra. Similar gas composition was determined in the inclusions in the vein quartz in the Wądroże Wielkie area (the Fore-Sudetic Block).