Aerobic Capacity of Students with Different Levels of Physical Activity as Assessed by IPAQ International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) has become one of the world's most valuable tools for measuring physical activity in different groups or populations. The relationship between regular, moderate-intensity physical activity and health parameters including physical fitness and aerobic capacity has been clearly proven by numerous investigations throughout the world. The aim of the present study was to determine the magnitude of differences in absolute & relative (lxmin-1, mlxkg-1xmin-1) VO2 max, by using the Astrand-Ryhming normogram in students aged 19 to 24 years, depending on their weekly energy expenditure (METminxweek-1), as diagnosed with IPAQ. The significance of differences in aerobic capacity between highly and moderately active students was evaluated. The Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated as a measure of the strength of the correlation between the above parameters in female and male groups. VO2 max was significantly higher in male and female participants, with a high level of physical activity, as determined through IPAQ criteria.

This article deals with kinematic and kinetic conditions in volleyball attack and identifies loads in the shoulder joint. Joint angles and velocities of individual segments of upper limb were measured with the use of the motion capture system XSENS. Muscle forces and loads in skeletal system were calculated by means of mathematical model elaborated in AnyBody system. Spikes performed by players in the best and worst way were compared with each other. The relationships were found between reactions in shoulder joint and flexion/extension, abduction/adduction and rotation angles in the same joint and flexion/extension in the elbow joint. Reactions in shoulder joint varied from 591 N to 2001 N (in relation to body weight [BW] 83-328%). The analysis proved that hand velocity at the moment of the ball hit (which varied between 6.8 and 13.3 m s) influences on the value of reaction in joints, but positions of individual segments relative to each other are also crucial. It was also proved in objective way, that position of the upper limb during spike can be more or less harmful assuming that bigger reaction increases possibility of injury, what can be an indication for trainers and physiotherapists how to improve injury prevention.

SummaryObjective. The main objective of the research was to analyse the influence of the body build of the Silesian University of Technology students on the values of maximal muscle torque in the elbow and knee joints.Material. The research included 133 individuals (39 females and 94 males), all the Silesian University of Technology students. None of the participants were professional athletes.Methods. To perform measurements of maximal muscle torque in the elbow and knee joints during flexion and extension a special device, produced by the ACCURO SUMER Company, was used. Mathematical modelling (variance and regression analyses) enabled the creation of fitness profiles of the subjects.Results. Correlations between maximal muscle torque measured for the lower and upper limbs and LBM of the whole body are much stronger than the correlation between torque and BMI. In the case of women, the significant correlation was not found only between general muscle mass and maximal torque in the left elbow joint. The correlations between muscle torque and muscle masses in the group of men are much clearer.Conclusions. The results obtained and analyses conducted confirm that methods used in biomechanics can be also used to estimate physical possibilities. The reliability of body composition estimation by means of electrical impedance not only for the whole body, but also for individual parts of body (trunk, limbs) seems to be at least satisfactory.The objective of this paper was to present the methodology of measurements of muscle torque under isometric conditions and perform the comparative analysis of the results obtained for examined students and results measured by other researchers, as well as carry out an analysis of Body Mass Index and Lean Body Mass influence on maximal muscle torque. These measurements and analyses are the part of a project, the aim of which is to carry out multifactor diagnosis and estimation of the fitness level of the Silesian University of Technology students.