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The article presents problems related to the mining of compact and very hard rocks with cutting tools, mainly with tangential-rotary picks. The currently used disc tools, their parameters and the way of working are described. The disadvantages of selected solutions and related obstacles to their wider use in mining have been presented. The directions of further development of disk tools were presented, allowing their use, for example, in mining heads of longwall shearers and roadheaders.

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This paper compares the methods of mechanical mining of rock in terms of their efficiency, energy consumption, and the durability of the tools they involve. It presents the advantages of mechanical heading-driving methods. In the first part, we described the methods used to assess rock workability, and the influence of rock types and parameters on mining efficiency. Furthermore, we discussed the compact-rock mining process in terms of the energy it consumes. We provided the description of the most common mechanical methods, such as milling, static crumpling and undercutting, including the tools involved, and the requirements and limitations for the use of these methods. The paper presents unique machinery solutions designed to reduce the energy consumed by mining processes. In the final part of the paper, we propose a solution to select the mechanical method of rock mining as a function of rock type and parameters.