The main aim of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of the use of public financial support investment activities into selected dairy farms in Poland. The research targeted 207 farms that earned their living through milk production and benefited from the 2011–2014 European Union (EU) financial support for investments carried out under the “modernization of agricultural holdings” included in the Rural Development Programme (RDP 2007–2013). Two research hypotheses were developed for this work. The first research hypothesis, “the possibility of obtaining funding for an investment is a factor that determines its implementation”, was positively verified. This was mainly due to the size of the investments carried out in the research farms, where an average increase in fixed assets was recorded at the level of 90%. The econometric calculations were carried out indirectly from the declarations of the farmers themselves, who, during the research, excluded the possibility of carrying out investments without receiving external support. The second research hypothesis, “investments carried out in farms improved their economic situation”, was positively verified. This was shown with the calculated results of agricultural income in the research farms, which increased in the analyzed period from 66.5%, to 125%.

The article presents the potential and possibilities of the biomass market development in Poland and the spatial possibilities of the use of this raw material. The source and origin of biomass were indicated, taking into account the advantages and disadvantages for its further use and take into account the diversity and apply it to local needs. Biomass based on substrates of plant and animal contributes to the development of the energy sector throughout the country. In the course of the analysis tabular, graphical and descriptive methods were used.

In the paper the production of milk in Poland and factors shaping it was analyzed against the background of the EU. The analysis shows that milk production in Poland after EU accession increased. The reasons for this phenomenon should be seen in the changes that took place in the milk market and were related to European integration, the quota system and adaptation to EU standards in the field of animal welfare. The tabular, graphical and descriptive methods were used in the analysis of the results. A statistical analysis which was carried out in the work, shows that the Euro-PLN exchange rate is the main determining factor in milk production in Poland.

The article presents a synthetic analysis of the socioeconomic development-with account taken of the environmental aspect-of Maków county municipalities, Mazowieckie voivodeship, Poland, in 2010 and 2018. There were 20 diagnostic features explored in the research, representing various fields from the areas of Economy, Society and Environment. The study was performed with the help of a multivariate comparative analysis, including a non-model standardization method using zero unitarization. The results of the research indicate that from 2010 to 2018 there was an increase in the overall level of social-economic development, with a simultaneous reduction of the pressure on the environment in most of the municipalities studied. However, the numerous different aspects of this phenomenon presented a varied nature.

The objective of the paper is to present foreign trade of milk and dairy products in the EU. Particular attention is paid to exports and imports of milk and dairy products in the EU and globally. Graphs and tabular and descriptive methods are used to analyze the changes in trade. The analysis of foreign trade focuses mainly on 2020; however, global export of selected dairy products was analyzed for the years 2000–2020. The survey shows the development of trade for milk and dairy products in the EU countries and the world.