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The decametric radiowaves propagation in the ionospheric plasmawas considered. Bicharacteristic system of equations was used in themodeling ray structures. This system, which allows finding the raypaths with great precision, was obtained by D.S. Lukin. Models ofthe ionosphere with horizontal gradients were used in the calcula-tions; local inhomogeneities, such as reduced electron density in themaximum layer and increased electron density below the maximumlayer, were taken into account. The features of shortwave propaga-tion, such as getting a wave of interlayer channel, distribution andout of it, reflection of waves from different ionospheric layers wereexplored. Was shown that the rays can be ejected from the field ofdistribution and curled when hit in the inhomogeneity of the iono-sphere. The formation of caustic surfaces and its dynamics werestudied. The radiowaves propagation in the Earth’s ionosphere wasstudied. This ionosphere profiles were restored the scientific groupled by Professor V.E. Kunitsyn by radiotomographymethod based onreal observations. Ray structures in the area of “equatorial anomaly”were built. The models, both including and excluding the effect ofEarth’s magnetic field and the influence of the equatorial anomalywere considered. Ray structures at the different positions of the ra-diation source, as well as different operating frequency, were investi-gated. Dynamic model of the ray’s propagation was developed.