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MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that serve as post-transcriptional gene modulators. miRNAs have been demonstrated to serve a pivotal role in carcinogenesis and the dysregulated expression of miRNAs is a well-understood characteristic of cancer. In recent years, miR-370 has been established as a key miRNA in various cancers. The expression of miR-370 is dysregulated in various types of cancer and varies markedly across different tumor types. miR-370 can regulate multiple biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, as well as cell cycle progression and cell stemness. Moreover, it has been reported that miR-370 affects the response of tumor cells to anticancer treatments. Additionally, the expression of miR-370 is modulated by multiple factors. The present review summarizes the role and mechanism of miR-370 in tumors, and demonstrates its potential as a molecular marker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Contents1. Introduction 2. The aberrant expression of miR-370 in cancer 3. The biological role of miR-370 in cancer 4. The regulation of miR-370 in cancer 5. The diagnostic and prognostic value of miR-370 in cancer 6. Conclusion

IntroductionThe nutritional status of patients with gastric cancer (GC) after total gastrectomy continues to deteriorate and lasts a long time after discharge, which is an independent risk factor for mortality. Recent guidelines have recommended appropriate nutritional support after discharge for cancer surgery patients with malnutrition or nutritional risk. The evidence on the efficacy of oral immunonutritional supplement (INS) and its effect on long-term disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with GC is limited. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that oral INS compared to diet alone may improve 3-year DFS of GC patients with pathological stage III after total gastrectomy (Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 score ≥3 at discharge).Methods and analysisThis is a pragmatic, open-label, multicentre, randomised controlled study. 696 eligible GC patients with pathological stage III after total gastrectomy will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio to oral INS group or normal diet group for 6 months. The primary endpoint is 3-year DFS after discharge. The following secondary endpoints will be evaluated: 3-year overall survival; unplanned readmission rate at 3 and 6 months after discharge; quality of life, body mass index and haematological index at 3, 6 and 12 months after discharge; incidence of sarcopenia at 6 and 12 months after discharge; and the tolerance to chemotherapy. The adverse events of oral INS will also be evaluated during the intervention.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the ethics committee of Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University (number 2021NZKY-069-01). The present study may validate the effectiveness of oral immunonutritional therapy in improving 3-year DFS for GC patients with pathological stage III after total gastrectomy for the first time. The results of this trial will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and at scientific conferences.Trial registration numberNCT05253716.